Animal model of adrenaline induced pulmonary embolism

Animal model of adrenaline induced pulmonary embolism

Animal model of adrenaline induced pulmonary embolism

Basic principles of the model

Adrenaline activates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors, causing vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation. When combined with collagen, it can form pulmonary microthrombi2This model simulates the process of thrombus formation and respiratory dysfunction in human pulmonary embolism4.

Commonly used experimental animals

• ‌mouseC57BL/6 strain, 8-12 weeks old, weight 20-25g13

• ‌rat: Wistar strain, weight 200-250g6

• ‌New Zealand Rabbit: Used for special experimental needs6

Main molding methods

Collagen+adrenaline combined induction method

1. ‌Drug preparation‌：

• Collagen: 430 μ g/kg (Chrono Log brand)
  

• 肾上腺素： 20μg/kg(Millipore-Sigma 品牌)
  

• Dissolve in PBS buffer, ready to use
  

2. ‌Route of administration‌：

• Tail vein injection (mice)
  

• Internal jugular vein injection (rat)
  

• The injection speed should be uniform to avoid the retention of embolic agents
  

3. ‌Dose reference‌：

• Mouse: Collagen 10 μ g+Adrenaline 5 μ g mixture 100 μ l
  

• 大鼠： 5ml/kg 0.1% 肾上腺素水溶液

• Rabbit: 0.3ml/kg 0.1% adrenaline aqueous solution
  

Model evaluation indicators

clinical manifestations

• Shortness of breath, cyanosis of lips
  

• Dry and wet rales in the lungs
  

• Survival rate and time to death (death determined by 1 minute of respiratory arrest)
  

laboratory testing

• Significant decrease in peripheral platelet count:

• The collagen+adrenaline group reduced by about 459 × 10 ⁹/L
  

Pathological examination

• Number of pulmonary microthrombi under light microscopy:

• Collagen+adrenaline group approximately 2.3 ± 0.5/high-power field of view
  

• ADP group approximately 1.2 ± 0.2/high-power field of view
  

• Thrombotic components: transparent thrombus mainly composed of platelets and fibrin
  

Model features and advantages

• Easy to operate and cost-effective
  

• Pathological changes similar to human pulmonary embolism
  

• Suitable for large-scale drug screening research
  

• Can be used for evaluating the efficacy of thrombolytic drugs