Lithium battery thermal runaway testing instrument - Hangzhou Joule Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd

Lithium battery thermal runaway testing instrumentIntroduction

Lithium battery thermal runaway testing instrumentIt can be used to study the thermal runaway and thermal propagation mechanisms of large-sized cells such as square and soft packs, as well as small modules. Dynamically adjust the temperature of the calorimeter chamber based on changes in battery temperature, and achieve battery insulation by eliminating the temperature difference between the battery and the calorimeter chamber. It has testing modes such as battery thermal runaway, adiabatic temperature rise, charge discharge heat generation, and specific heat capacity, which can accurately obtain parameters such as battery charge discharge heat generation and specific heat capacity, thermal runaway initiation temperature, maximum thermal runaway rate, adiabatic temperature rise characteristics, thermal runaway gas production rate, and gas production rate. It can also be measured by gas chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and mass spectrometryUse spectrum and other methods to obtain more information on thermal runaway gas production. The instrument can provide data basis for the safety performance evaluation of lithium batteries and battery modules, and provide guidance for the design of thermal management systems for power batteries.

standard

USABC SAND99-0497、SAEJ2464-R2009、ASTME1981-98(2020)、GB/T36276-2023、UL9540A、UL1973、GB 38031-2020

Lithium battery thermal runaway testing instrumentProduct specifications and technical parameters

*Customization accepted for other sizes

Function Mode

Optional features

Lithium battery thermal runaway testing instrumentThe purpose is to evaluate the safety performance of batteries under certain conditions. By simulating abuse conditions such as overcharging, heating, and needle puncture, the thermal runaway behavior and system response of batteries are observed. The testing process can be divided into preparation stage, experimental stage, observation and recording stage, and evaluation and analysis stage. The specific process and key points are as follows:

1、 Preparation stage

Sample selection and pretreatment

Select fully charged battery cells or modules to ensure they are in a healthy state (SOH>80%).

According to the testing requirements, pre cycle the battery (such as charging and discharging at a constant rate for 3 times) to stabilize its state.

Record the initial quality, voltage, internal resistance, and other basic data of the battery.

Test environment setup

Equipment preparation: equipped with heating devices (such as heating plates, thin film heating plates), temperature sensors (K-type thermocouples), voltage acquisition equipment, data recorders, adiabatic acceleration calorimeter (ARC), etc.

Environmental control: Simulate different temperature conditions (such as 25 ± 5 ℃) in a constant temperature box or environmental chamber to ensure a stable testing environment.

Safety protection: Testing is conducted inside an explosion-proof box, equipped with fire extinguishing devices, explosion-proof valves, pressure relief ports, etc., to prevent explosions or fires during the testing process.

Development of testing plan

Clearly define the testing purpose (such as evaluating the triggering conditions, propagation patterns, or effectiveness of safety measures for thermal runaway).

Design test conditions (such as overcharging, heating, needle puncture, short circuit, etc.) and set test parameters (such as heating power, charging rate, temperature threshold, etc.).

Plan data collection points (such as battery surface temperature, voltage, internal air pressure, etc.) and determine the sampling frequency (≥ 1Hz).

2、 Experimental phase

Thermal runaway test of battery cells

Overcharge trigger: Continuously charge the battery with a current of 1C or higher until the battery voltage exceeds the safe threshold (such as 4.2V), triggering overcharging thermal runaway.

Heating trigger: Use a heating device to heat the surface of the battery, adjust the heating power according to the testing requirements (such as gradually increasing from 50W to 200W), until the battery temperature reaches the thermal runaway trigger point (such as 180-250 ℃).

Needle puncture trigger: Use a steel needle to puncture the battery at a certain speed (such as 10-30mm/s), causing an internal short circuit and triggering heat out of control.

Battery pack/system thermal diffusion test

Modified battery pack: Select a battery cell in the battery pack as the object of thermal runaway, install heating devices or needle punching equipment, and arrange temperature, voltage, air pressure and other sensors.

Thermal runaway: Trigger the thermal runaway of the target battery cell by heating, needling, or overcharging, and observe the process of heat diffusion to other units.

System response monitoring: Record the temperature changes, voltage fluctuations, and response of system protection measures (such as power outage, exhaust, insulation, etc.) of other battery cells in the battery pack.

3、 Observation and recording stage

Real time data collection

Record the temperature change curve, voltage change curve, and internal pressure change curve of the battery surface.

Use an infrared thermal imager to capture the temperature distribution on the surface of the battery and generate a thermal map sequence.

Record visual phenomena during the testing process (such as smoke, fire, explosion, shell rupture, etc.).

Key parameter extraction

Thermal runaway temperature: Record the highest temperature reached on the surface of the battery (such as 350 ℃) and the temperature at which thermal runaway is triggered (such as 186 ℃).

Temperature rise rate: Calculate the temperature rise rate of the battery during thermal runaway (e.g. dT/dt>3 ℃/s).

Gas production: Measure the amount and rate of gas produced during the thermal runaway process of the battery through a pressure sensor or gas collection device.