Siemens servo motor jitter

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The alarm number 25000 of Siemens 840D system indicates "hardware error of active encoder", which usually involves hardware failure or related connection issues of the encoder itself. The specific components of the active encoder depend on the current effective measurement system: if the measurement system (such as a motor encoder) is effective, the active encoder is the motor encoder; If the second measurement system (such as a grating ruler) is effective, then the active encoder is a grating ruler. ‌

Possible causes and troubleshooting steps

Hardware connection check: Firstly, check whether the encoder cable is worn, loose, or has poor contact, especially in areas that are easily affected during movement. For cables laid inside drag chains, it is necessary to focus on checking whether the insulation layer is damaged and causing short circuits. ‌

Encoder and component testing: Confirm whether the encoder itself is damaged. It can be tested by exchanging servo motors with normal axes (such as Z-axis): if the alarm is transferred with the motor, the problem lies in the motor encoder; If the alarm still remains on the original axis, it is necessary to check the grating ruler, feedback circuit board, or other components. ‌

Measurement system related checks: For linear axes (such as the X-axis), active encoders usually refer to grating rulers. It is necessary to check whether there are foreign objects, contamination, or installation parallelism issues between the grating ruler and the reading head. Cleaning the grating ruler may eliminate the alarm. ‌

Circuit and parameter verification: Check if the feedback circuit board and servo drive module are working properly. If the fault transfer occurs after swapping the servo drive control module, it indicates that the module is damaged. At the same time, verify whether the NC parameters (such as MD30200, MD30240) are set correctly, and if necessary, check firmware compatibility or data buffer status through diagnostic software. ‌

Power and signal detection: Ensure that the 5V power supply voltage of the encoder is stable (normal range 4.75-5.25V), and check whether the signal waveform is affected by interference. For the spindle encoder, it is also necessary to check whether the coupling is damaged and causes asynchronous speed