Hydrogenation kettle

Hydrogenation reactors are widely used in various catalytic reactions, high-temperature and high-pressure synthesis, gas-liquid two-phase, liquid-liquid two-phase, exothermic reactions, composition testing, stability, corrosiveness testing, fine processing, supercritical reactions, catalyst evaluation and development, and other applications.

Hydrogenation kettle, also known as hydrogenation reaction kettle, is a widely used equipment in the chemical industry. It is mainly used to achieve the process of hydrogenation reaction, which is a chemical process of adding hydrogen gas to molecules to cause reduction or hydrogenation reaction. Hydrogenation reactors play an important role in various fields such as petrochemicals, metallurgy, and food processing.

Its structure usually includes a container, heating device, stirring device, hydrogen input device, as well as temperature, pressure, and flow controllers. Its main body consists of a kettle body, kettle cover, transmission device, heating device, cooling device, agitator, inlet and outlet, and gas pipeline. The kettle body is made of high-strength materials, which have the characteristics of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and strong compressive strength. The sealing of the kettle cover is good, which can effectively prevent hydrogen reflux and leakage.

During the reaction process, the hydrogenation kettle uses high-pressure hydrogen gas to hydrogenate the substance, generating a series of chemical reactions under the action of the catalyst. The product after the reaction is temperature controlled by heating or cooling devices to meet the expected requirements. The agitator plays a role in fully mixing the reactants and catalyst, improving the efficiency and speed of the reaction.

Installation and use of hydrogenation kettle:

(1) Equipment location: The reaction kettle should be installed in a high-pressure operating room that meets explosion-proof requirements. When multiple reaction kettles are equipped, they should be placed separately, and a safe explosion-proof wall should be used to separate each two. Each operating room should have a passage and outlet to the outside, and good ventilation should be ensured when explosive media is present.

(2) After opening the packaging, check if the equipment is damaged, install the equipment according to the structural diagram based on the equipment model, and verify the equipped parts according to the packing list. If the heating method is thermal oil electric heating, there is no thermal oil inside the equipment jacket. When using, please purchase the corresponding model of thermal oil according to the operating temperature (note: thermal oil is not allowed to contain moisture) and add it. When adding, open the oil filling port on the upper part of the jacket and the oil level port in the middle and upper part of the jacket. Add oil into the jacket through the oil filling port until the oil level port flows, and then screw the oil level port tightly. Do not screw the oil filling port tightly to avoid pressure.

(3) Installation and sealing of kettle body and kettle cover: The kettle body and kettle cover are in line contact with the circular arc surface using gaskets or conical surfaces. They are tightly pressed against each other by tightening the main nut to achieve a good sealing effect. When tightening the nut, it must be diagonally symmetrical and gradually tightened with force, evenly applied. It is not allowed for the kettle cover to tilt to one side to achieve a good sealing effect. When tightening the main nut, it should not exceed the specified tightening torque of 40-120N. M Scope: To prevent the sealing surface from being crushed or worn out under overload, special care should be taken for the sealing surface. Before each installation, use a relatively soft paper or cloth to wipe the upper and lower sealing surfaces clean. Pay special attention not to touch scars on the sealing surface of the kettle body and lid. If operated reasonably, it can be used more than tens of thousands of times. After the sealing surface is damaged, it needs to be reprocessed and repaired to achieve good sealing performance. When disassembling the kettle lid, the lid should be slowly lifted up and down to prevent the sealing surfaces between the kettle body and lid from colliding with each other. If gasket sealing is used (PTFE, aluminum gasket, copper gasket, asbestos gasket, etc.), a good sealing effect can be achieved by tightening the main nut.

(4) The installation of valves, pressure gauges, and safety valves achieves a sealing effect by tightening the positive and negative nuts. The circular sealing surfaces at both ends of the connection must not rotate relative to each other. When assembling all screw connections, lubricant or graphite mixed with oil must be applied to prevent them from biting. The use of valves: Needle valves are line sealed, and good sealing performance can be achieved by gently rotating the valve needle and compressing the sealing surface. Excessive force is prohibited to avoid damaging the sealing surface.

(5) After the equipment is installed, introduce a certain amount of nitrogen and maintain pressure for 30 minutes to check for any leaks. If any leaks are found, use soap foam to locate the leakage points in the pipeline or pipe opening, release the gas and tighten it, then conduct a nitrogen pressure test again to ensure there are no leaks before starting normal operation.

(6) When cooling down, water can be used for internal cooling through the cooling coil. Rapid cooling is prohibited to prevent excessive temperature stress from causing cracks in the cooling coil and kettle body. When the temperature inside the kettle exceeds 100 ℃ during operation, the water jacket between the magnetic stirrer and the kettle cover should be filled with cooling water to ensure that the water temperature is less than 35 ℃, in order to prevent demagnetization of the magnetic steel.

(7) Safety device: The anti arch metal blasting disc is used, made of stainless steel, manufactured according to the national standard GB567-89 "Technical Conditions for Arch Metal Blasting", and purchased according to requirements. It cannot be adjusted arbitrarily. If it has already exploded, it needs to be replaced again. The replacement period is determined by the using unit according to the actual situation of the unit. For those that exceed the calibrated bursting pressure of the bursting disc but have not exploded, they should be replaced. If they are frequently used, they should not exceed 80% of the lower limit pressure of the bursting disc. When replacing, attention should be paid to the concave surface of the bursting disc facing upwards.