Clodronate Liposomes macrophage scavenger

Chlorophosphonate saltClodronate Liposomes&PBS Liposomes are ready to use liquid reagents used to deplete monocytes in vivo or in vitro in experimental animals. PBS liposomes are a strict control of liposomes.

Liposomes are artificial membranes composed of phospholipids. Generally, the diameter is between 25nm-1um. In vitro phagocytosis experiments showed that as the diameter of liposomes increased from 100nm to 1um, the amount of liposomes engulfed by cells increased, reaching up to 2um. In vivo experiments showed that as the diameter increased, the amount of lipids engulfed in vivo increasedMore Liposomes. There is the smallest gap between liposomes and macrophages, and changing the surface charge of liposomes, especially negative charge, can better promote macrophage phagocytosis of liposomes. By adopting a multi chamber liposome structure, more drugs can be encapsulated to reach the threshold concentration of the effect.

（Clodronate），The chemical name is disodium dichloromethylene diphosphonate,Metabolized into non hydrolyzable ATP analogs within cells, inducing apoptosis by inhibiting the ADP/ATP transport mechanism in mitochondria.

LIPOSOMA optimizes the composition of liposomes, fully utilizes the properties of liposomes and macrophages, improves the process of liposome encapsulation, strictly controls key parameters such as encapsulation efficiency, particle size distribution, and aseptic operation of the product, ensuring intra batch stability and inter batch repeatability of the product.

The phospholipid bilayer is composed of phosphatidyls and. All liposomes were dissolved in sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (pH 7.0-7.5):

- 10mM Na 2 HPO 4;

- 10mM NaH 2 PO 4;

- 140 mM NaCl。

Clodronate Liposomes: Chlorophosphonates are encapsulated in liposome vesicles in the form of CH2Na2Cl2O6P2 • 5H2O.

It exists between 4-8 º C (or 39-47 º F). Freezing is prohibited and should not be exposed to high temperatures. Excessive (greater than 40 º C) and insufficient (less than 0 º C) lead to the disruption of the bilayer structure of liposomes, resulting in exudation.

（Clodronate Disodium）CAS: 22560-50-5Concentration: 5 mg/mL

Invivo： Mouse； Rat； Rabbit； Dog（Proven and Published^®）

Invitro：Mononuclear macrophages（Proven and Published^®）

Particle distribution

The average diameter is about 1.7um

【 Precautions 】

1. Store in the refrigerator at 4-8 degrees Celsius, remember not to freeze

2. It is easy to precipitate after a long time of storage. Before each use, it must be gently mixed upside down to avoid foam

3. Try to perform aseptic operations as much as possible

4. Reagents must not come into contact with organic reagents such as chloroform, methanol, ethanol, etc., otherwise the liposome structure will be damaged

5. Reagents must not come into contact with surface cleaning agents or surfactants, otherwise the liposome structure will be damaged

6. Dilution is not recommended unless necessary for special experiments

To avoid contamination, after each use of the extracted reagent, the needle hole of the rubber stopper can be sealed with a sealing film

8. If you have any technical questions, please feel free to contact technical support at any time. 24-hour customer hotline:

produce product picture piece			The pictures are for display only. The actual product shall prevail
data picture piece			C57BL/6 mice were injected with 200ul of Control Liposomes and Clodronate Liposomes via tail vein. Two days later, F4/80 antibody immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to detect the liver【1】
			C57BL/6 mice were injected with 200ul of Control Liposomes and Clodronate Liposomes via tail vein. Five days later, the liver was detected by flow cytometry (FC)【 1 】 Subset 1：Resident CD11b+F4/80hiKupffer cells Subset 2：Transient inflammatory CD11bhiF4/80loKupffer cells
			C57BL/6 mice were injected with 200ul of Control Liposomes and Clodronate Liposomes via tail vein. Three days later, the liver was detected by immunofluorescence (IF)【2】 Anti-F4/80: Stained red indicates macrophages TO-PRO-3 (TP3): Stained blue indicates cell nucleus
			C57BL/6 mice were injected with 200ul of Control Liposomes and Clodronate Liposomes via tail vein. Three days later, the liver and spleen were detected by flow cytometry (FC)【 3 】 Conventional dendritic cells (cDC; CD11chiMHC-II+) Macrophages (mΦ; F4/80+CD11b-) Neutrophils (Ly6G+CD11blo) Monocytes (CD11bhiLy6G-).
	Reference for experimental images 【 1 】Helk E, Bernin H, Ernst T, Ittrich H, Jacobs T, et al. (2013)TNFa-Mediated Liver Destruction by Kupffer Cells and Ly6ChiMonocytes during Entamoebahistolytica Infection.PLoS Pathog9(1): e1003096. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003096 【2】Sitia G, Iannacone M, Aiolfi R, Isogawa M, van Rooijen N, et al. (2011) Kupffer Cells Hasten Resolution of Liver Immunopathology in Mouse Models ofViral Hepatitis.PLoS Pathog7(6): e1002061. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002061 【3】Akter J, Khoury DS, Aogo R, Lansink LIM,SheelaNair A, Thomas BS, et al. (2019)Plasmodium-specific antibodies block in vivoparasite growth without clearing infected red bloodcells.PLoS Pathog15(2): e1007599