1640 Basic Culture Medium

Common cell culture media:

1. BME cell culture medium

foundationEagle Medium Eagle, designed by Eagle in 1955, BSS+12 amino acids and 8 vitamins. Simple and easy to add, suitable for various passaging cell lines and special research purposes. Improved cell culture medium varieties based on this include MEM, DMEM, IMDM, etc.

2. MEM cell culture medium

also known asEagle's Minimum Essential Medium, modified from Eagle's Basic Medium (BME) in 1959, removes lysine and increases amino acid concentration. It is suitable for the growth of various cell monolayers and has high-pressure sterilization varieties. It is the most basic and suitable medium for testing, but due to its limited nutritional content, it may not be the medium used for specific cell culture and expression during production.

3. DMEM cell culture medium

DMEM is an Eagle medium modified by Dulbecco, derived from MEM medium, originally designed for mouse fibroblasts. The amino acid concentration of DMEM is twice that of MEM, and the vitamin concentration is four times that of MEM. Using double the concentration of HCO3- and CO2 provides better buffering effect. The initial formula had a glucose content of 1000 mg/L, but later it was adjusted to 4500 mg/L for the growth needs of certain cells, which is commonly referred to as low sugar and high sugar.

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The concept and basic composition of cell culture medium:

Cell culture has now become one of the main technologies applied in life sciences. It is a collective term for extracting partial tissues from biological organisms and dispersing them into individual cells or directly extracting individual cells from the organism, and cultivating them in an artificial environment conducive to growth.

Cell culture media typically include appropriate sources of cellular energy and compounds that regulate the cell cycle. A typical culture medium also requires supplementation of amino acids, vitamins, inorganic salts, glucose, and serum to provide growth factors, hormones, and attachment factors. In addition to nutrition, the culture medium also helps to maintain the stability of the culture systemPH value and osmotic pressure balance. One of the most critical steps in the in vitro culture of animal cells is the selection of appropriate cell culture media. The preparation and production of biological products rely on cell culture media, which is a key core raw material for the production of biological products.

Types and basic components of cell culture media:

1、 Natural culture medium

Natural culture medium refers to a type of culture medium extracted from animal fluids or tissues, such as plasma, serum, lymphatic fluid, chicken embryo extract, etc. In the early days of establishing tissue culture technology, natural culture media were used for in vitro cell culture. However, due to the complex production process and large inter batch differences of natural culture media, they have gradually been replaced by synthetic culture media.

2、 Calf serum

The serum used for cell culture is mainly bovine serum, and human serum, horse serum, etc. are also used for cultivating certain special cells. The main reasons for choosing to culture cells with bovine serum are sufficient sources, mature preparation techniques, and a deep understanding of it that has been tested through long-term application.

Bovine serum is divided into calf serum, newborn bovine serum, and fetal bovine serum. Calf serum is taken from newborns 10 to 30 day old calves; Newborn bovine serum is taken from newborn cows within 24 hours of birth; Fetal bovine serum should be obtained from fetal cows delivered by caesarean section. Obviously, fetal bovine serum is high because fetal cattle have not yet been exposed to the outside world, and the antibodies, complement, and other harmful components to cells contained in the serum are minimal. Cow serum is suitable for the vast majority of mammalian cells, but it does not rule out the possibility that other animal serum may be more suitable for culturing certain cells. Cow serum contains abundant nutrients necessary for cell growth and has extremely important functions.

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