This article will focus on the application of chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technology in the field of field crop research, through three aspects:aIn depth analysis of case studies:1Using this technology to achieve non-destructive testing of post harvest quality decline of potatoes under light induced conditions2Revealing chlorophyll fluorescence imaging as a core tool for indicating maize heat stress response; three、In depth analysis of the differences in fluorescence signals of winter wheat leaves subjected to dry hot wind stress under different treatment methods, providing scientific basis for optimizing stress resistant cultivation strategies. Through these practical cases, we will clearly see how chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technology breaks through the limitations of traditional research and injects new momentum into modern agricultural research and production practices.

case1：Non destructive testing of post harvest quality decline of potatoes induced by light

Under improper harvesting or storage conditions, direct sunlight can causepotatoA sharp decline in quality can cause the surface of potatoes to turn green due to the formation of chlorophyll, accompanied by toxic chemicals during the process——The generation of alkaloids may pose a threat to human health when consuming improperly stored potatoes, which is also the source of "green potato toxicity".HungaryInstitute of Food Science and Technology at the University of Agriculture and Life SciencesPassed the testPotato under different storage methodsThe formation of chlorophyll indirectly studies the generation of chlorophyll related compounds in potatoes induced by sunlight.

In the study, potatoes with initial yellow color and those with initial green spots were subjected to direct sunlight and shading treatments, respectively. The measurements were continuously conducted as the storage time changed. The results showed that the chlorophyll content of potatoes significantly increased after exposure to sunlight,Its chlorophyll fluorescence parameters（F0TheFm）The results showed that as the storage time increased, chlorophyll fluorescence also continued to increase; In the initial state, the chlorophyll fluorescence of green potatoes is significantly higher than that of yellow potatoes.

This study demonstrates that sunlight and prolonged storage time can induce the production of chlorophyll, and the production of harmful substances in potatoes, accompanied by the production of chlorophyll, indirectly provesGreen potatoes are poisonous.

case2Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging: a tool for indicating heat stress in maize

Corn is one of the three major crops in the world, on par with rice and wheat. During the growth process of corn, drought and hot air stress have the greatest impact on its production. Therefore, it is necessary to further carry out breeding work for hot air tolerant corn lines. An article was published in《CerealResearchCommunications》The research aims to explore whether the chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technology system can quickly measure plant heat stress.

In the experiment, heat-resistant varieties were selectedKwangpyeongokAs a control groupHeat stressed varietiesScientificAs an experimental group, two varieties of corn seedlings were tested 35±2°CRelative humidity35%In the growth chamber, after96 After hourly hot air treatment, measure the chlorophyll fluorescence imaging parameter values（FoTheFmTheFv/Fm、ΦPSIITheNPQandRfd）And conduct comparative analysis.

The results are shown in the following figure, which indicates that after heat treatment24hTwo types of corn seedlings insideCorn seedlings look similar on the surfaceIt is difficult to judge the extent of damage with the naked eye, but through chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, it was found that although corn leaves were damaged under hot wind stress Fv/FmThere was no significant difference in the ratio, but the experimental groupScientificofFmTheF0Significantly lower than the control groupKwangpyeongok.

Subsequently, the study also testedKwangpyeongokTheScientificThe chlorophyll fluorescence parameter values of two varieties under hot air stress treatment are shown in the following figure. It was found that the leaves of corn under hot air stress Fv/FmThe ratio is almost at a normal level, butFmandFvThe value is much lower than that of the control seedlings. experimental groupScientificAfter hot air stress on corn seedlings, all measured fluorescence parameters decreased to the control seedlingsKwangpyeongokMore than half of themNPQincrease ΦPSIIReduce. Therefore,NPQAnd with ΦPSIICan be used to determine the condition of corn leaves under hot air stress.

This study demonstrates that direct detection of chlorophyll fluorescence related parameters through chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technology can indirectly determine the degree of heat stress in maize. The analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence technology and its related parameters can serve as a rapid indicator technology for determining maize's hot air stress.

case3：Analyze the encounter of winter wheat under different treatmentsdry hot windResponse of the rear blade

As the core production area of winter wheat in China, the Huang Huai Hai region accounts for more than half of the country's total wheat production. However, during the critical period of winter wheat grain filling and weight gain, this region often encounters characteristics of high temperature, low humidity, and strong windsdry hot windDisasters, and in the context of global warming, the expansion of the disaster situation will accelerate wheat transpiration and water consumption, damage the photosynthetic system, lead to premature aging of wheat, and in severe cases, can cause wheat yield reduction. To alleviate this problem, the research team conducted field experiments and found solutions to cope with dry hot wind disasters through the use of chlorophyll fluorescence technology.

Experimental setup6Seed processing: blank controlCK（Spraying tap water treatment during both the jointing and flowering stages）ThePreparation group controlCKP（Spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution for treatment in both periods）TheSpraying phosphoramine during the jointing stagepreparation（BA）TheSpraying phosphate esters during the jointing stagepreparation（BZ）TheSingle application of phosphoramine preparation during flowering period（HA）TheSingle application of phosphate ester preparation during flowering period（HZ）The chlorophyll fluorescence parameter values of flag leaves were measured under different treatments, and the experimental results are as follows:

During the experiment, wheat was harvested after flowering24dand26dSuffering from mild dry hot air process, the experimental results show that:Spraying phosphorussugarThere are differences in the regulation period of different fluorescence parameters during the treatment of similar preparations, manifested as the enhancement of the dry hot air generation process（24dand26d）Flag LeafFv/FmReduce the entire grouting activity period（11d）NPQAdd flag leaves in the middle and later stages of groutingqPSpraying phosphate ester preparations during flowering period to increase flag leavesFv/FmandqPImprove the resistance of wheat to dry and hot winds by spraying phosphorus amine preparations during the flowering period to enhance the leavesNPQMaintaining a stable value at a low level can improve electron transfer efficiency and alleviate the physiological harm of dry hot air to wheat.

Based on the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter values, the experiment concludes that:The optimal time for spraying phosphoramine and phosphoester preparations is during the jointing stage and flowering stage, respectively，It is believed that spraying phosphate ester preparations during the flowering period has a better regulatory effect on wheat's resistance to dry hot winds.

References:

[1] Zsom-Muha, V., Nguyen, L. L. P, et al. (2021). An attempt to the nondestructive investigation of photo-induced potato postharvest quality degradation–Preliminary results.Progress in Agricultural Engineering Sciences, 17(S1), 99-109.

[2] Park J Y, Yoo S Y, Kang H G, et al. (2016). Use of chlorophyll a fluorescence imaging for photochemical stress assessment in maize (Zea mays L.) leaf under hot air condition.The Korean Journal of Crop Science, 61(4): 270-276.

[3] XU Ya-nan, HAN Yan, WU Yue, et al. (2023). Effects of Foliar-spray Chemical Regulators on Wheat Winter Resistance through Dry-hot Wind Stress.Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 44(11): 995-1008.

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