speck pump TOEGI040160A0015 pump

speck pump TOEGI040160A0015 pump

speck pump TOEGI040160A0015 pump

working principle

Centrifugal pumps work by utilizing the rotation of impellers to cause centrifugal motion in water. Before starting the water pump, it is necessary to fill the pump casing and suction pipe with water, and then start the motor to drive the impeller and water to rotate at high speed. The water undergoes centrifugal motion and is thrown towards the outer edge of the impeller, flowing into the pressure water pipeline of the water pump through the flow channel of the snail shaped pump casing.

application

Centrifugal pumps can be widely used in industries such as power, metallurgy, coal, and building materials to transport slurries containing solid particles. Such as hydraulic ash removal in power plants, slurry transportation in metallurgical beneficiation plants, coal slurry and heavy medium transportation in coal washing plants, etc. When a centrifugal pump is working, the pump needs to be placed on land, the suction pipe in water, and the pump needs to be filled and started. Due to structural limitations, mud pumps and submersible centrifugal pumps require the motor to be placed above the water surface and the pump to be placed in the water, so they must be fixed. Otherwise, the motor will be scrapped if it falls into the water. Moreover, due to the generally fixed length of the long axis, the installation and use of pumps are more complicated, and their application scenarios are subject to many limitations.

Classification

1. Classify by number of impellers

1. Single stage pump: that is, there is only one impeller on the pump shaft.

2. Multi stage pump: refers to a pump with two or more impellers on the pump shaft, and the total head of the pump is the sum of the heads generated by n impellers.

2. Classify by work pressure

1. Low pressure pump: pressure below 100 meters of water column;

2. Medium pressure pump: pressure between 100 and 650 meters of water column;

3. High pressure pump: pressure above 650 meters of water column.

3. Classify by impeller suction method

1. Single side inlet pump: also known as single suction pump, which means there is only one inlet on the impeller;

2. Double inlet pump: also known as double suction pump, which means there is an inlet on both sides of the impeller. Its flow rate is twice that of a single suction pump, which can be approximated as two single suction pump impellers placed back-to-back.

4. Classify by pump casing combination

1. Horizontal open type pump: that is, there is a joint seam on the horizontal plane passing through the axis line.

2. Vertical joint surface pump: that is, the joint surface is perpendicular to the axis.

5. Classify by pump shaft position

1. Horizontal pump: The pump shaft is located in a horizontal position.

2. Vertical pump: The pump shaft is located in a vertical position.

6. Classified by impeller outlet method

1. Spiral shell pump: After water comes out of the impeller, it directly enters the pump casing with a spiral shape.

2. Guide vane pump: After water comes out of the impeller, it enters the guide vanes set outside it, and then enters the next stage or flows into the outlet pipe.

7. Classified by installation height

1. Self priming centrifugal pump: The pump shaft is lower than the surface of the suction tank, and there is no need to fill water when starting, it can start automatically.

2. Suction centrifugal pump (non self priming centrifugal pump): The pump shaft is higher than the surface of the suction tank. Before starting, it is necessary to fill the pump casing and suction pipe with water, and then drive the motor to make the impeller rotate at high speed. The water is thrown out of the impeller by centrifugal force, forming negative pressure at the center of the impeller. The water in the suction tank enters the impeller under atmospheric pressure and is then thrown out of the impeller into the pressurized water pipe by the high-speed rotating impeller.

In addition, it can also be classified according to its purpose, such as oil pump, water pump, condensate pump, ash discharge pump, circulating water pump, etc.

Selection Guide

Firstly, you need to know whether the pump you are looking for is intended for use underwater or on the shore. If used underwater, there are submersible pumps and submersible pumps. If used on the shore, there are vertical and horizontal centrifugal pumps. This needs to be determined first!

Secondly, check if the liquid you are using is corrosive. If it is not corrosive, centrifugal pumps made of general cast iron or stainless steel materials can be used. If it is corrosive, stainless steel, ordinary plastic, and better fluoroplastic materials can be selected. The corrosiveness of the liquid used by this customer varies.

Thirdly, check if there are particles, impurities, and fibers in the liquid you are spraying. If there are no particle impurities, all centrifugal pumps can be used. If there are particle impurities or fibers, a non clogging pump, that is, an open impeller, should be selected to prevent the flow channel of the impeller from being blocked. Alternatively, a tearing pump can be used, where the blades on the pump itself tear apart the debris! Fourthly, is the pump you are looking for a direct coupled or a coupling type? Generally, a direct coupled pump directly connects the motor to the pump head without a base, only having four anchor screw holes for installation, which is unstable but cheaper in price; A coupling pump is a type of pump where the motor is connected to the pump head through bearings and couplings. As the pump is relatively long, it comes with a base and does not experience strong vibrations when pumping liquids, making it safe and stable!

Fifth, it is necessary to know the flow rate and head of the pump, which are the basic parameters of the pump. Other parameters can be uncertain, but they must be determined. Only by knowing these can the model and size of the pump be determined!

maintenance

Storage of centrifugal pumps

① Pumps that have not been installed yet should be coated with a suitable layer of rust inhibitor on unpainted surfaces. Bearings lubricated with oil should be filled with appropriate oil, while bearings lubricated with grease should only be filled with one type of grease, and mixed grease should not be used.

② Pump clean liquid in a short period of time, flush, suction pipeline, discharge pipeline, pump casing and impeller, and drain the flushing liquid in the pump casing, suction pipeline and discharge pipeline.

③ Drain the oil from the bearing box, then add clean oil, clean the grease and fill it with new grease.

④ Seal the suction and discharge ports, store the pump in a clean and dry place, protect the motor winding from moisture, and spray anti rust and anti-corrosion solutions inside the pump casing.

⑤ The pump shaft should rotate once a month to prevent freezing and lubricate the bearings.

Precautions

Centrifugal pump is a type of vane pump that relies on the rotating impeller to transfer mechanical energy to the liquid during the rotation process. Due to the interaction between the blades and the liquid, the pressure energy of the liquid increases, achieving the purpose of transporting the liquid. Four points should be noted when starting a centrifugal pump:

① The head generated by a centrifugal pump at a certain speed has a limited value. The working point flow rate and shaft power depend on the condition of the device system connected to the pump (such as position difference, pressure difference, and pipeline loss). The head changes with the flow rate.

② Stable work, continuous conveying, and no pulsation in flow and pressure.

③ Generally, there is no self-priming ability, and the pump needs to be filled with liquid or the pipeline needs to be evacuated before it can start working.

④ The centrifugal pump starts when the discharge pipeline valve is closed, while the vortex pump and axial flow pump start when the valve is fully open to reduce the starting power.

Because centrifugal pumps rely on the centrifugal force of the impeller to create vacuum suction and lift water, when starting the centrifugal pump, the gate valve must be closed first and water must be filled. When the water level exceeds the impeller, the air in the centrifugal pump must be discharged before starting. After starting, a vacuum is formed around the impeller, which draws water upwards. Its gate valve can automatically open to lift the water. Therefore, the gate valve must be closed first.

troubleshooting

1. Analysis of Mechanical Seal Failure in Centrifugal Pumps

The shutdown of centrifugal pumps is mainly caused by the failure of mechanical seals. The main manifestation of failure is leakage, which can be caused by the following reasons:

① The main reasons for the leakage of the sealing surface of the dynamic and static rings are: the flatness and roughness of the end face do not meet the requirements, or there are scratches on the surface; There is particulate matter between the end faces, causing the two end faces to not run equally; Installation is not in place and the method is incorrect.

② The main reasons for the leakage of the compensating ring sealing ring are: deformation of the pressure cover and uneven pre tightening force; Incorrect installation; The quality of the sealing ring does not meet the standards; The selection of sealing ring is incorrect.

The actual use effect shows that the parts with the most failure of sealing components are the end faces of the dynamic and static rings. Cracking on the end faces of the dynamic and static rings of centrifugal pumps is a common failure phenomenon, and the main reasons are:

① The gap between the sealing surfaces during installation is too large, and the flushing solution cannot take away the heat generated by the friction pair in time; The flushing liquid leaked from the gap between the sealing surfaces, causing overheating and damage to the end faces.

② The vaporization and expansion of liquid media cause the two end faces to separate due to the vaporization and expansion force. When the two sealing surfaces are tightly adhered, the lubricating film is damaged, resulting in overheating of the end face surface.

③ The lubricity of liquid media is poor, and coupled with operating pressure overload, the two sealing surfaces do not track and rotate synchronously. For example, if the speed of a high-speed pump is 20445r/min and the center diameter of the sealing surface is 7cm, the linear velocity of the pump after operation can reach up to 75 m/s. When one of the sealing surfaces lags behind and cannot track rotation, the instantaneous high temperature causes damage to the sealing surface.

④ The sealing flushing liquid orifice plate or filter screen is blocked, causing insufficient water flow and resulting in the failure of the machine seal.

In addition, the sliding grooves on the sealing surface and the gaps that appear when the end faces are in contact can cause the sealing components to fail. The main reasons are:

① The liquid medium is not clean and contains tiny hard particles that slide into the sealing surface at a high speed, scratching the surface of the end face and causing failure.

② The coaxiality of the transmission components of the pump is poor. After the pump is turned on, the end face is rubbed and shaken once every revolution, and the trajectory of the moving ring is not concentric, resulting in end face vaporization and overheating wear.

③ The frequent occurrence of hydraulic characteristics of liquid media causes vibration of the pump unit, resulting in misalignment of the sealing surface and failure.

Corrosion of sealing components by liquid media, stress concentration, compatibility of soft and hard materials, erosion, incompatibility between auxiliary seals such as O-ring, V-ring, concave ring and liquid media, deformation, etc. can all cause surface damage and failure of mechanical seals. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of the damage forms should be conducted to identify the root cause and ensure long-term operation of mechanical seals.

2. Requirements after centrifugal pump stops running

① After the centrifugal pump stops running, the inlet valve of the pump should be closed, and the valves of the auxiliary system should be closed sequentially after the pump cools down.

② The shutdown of high-temperature pumps should be carried out in accordance with the technical specifications of the equipment. After shutdown, the pump should be turned half a circle every 20-30 minutes until the temperature of the pump body drops to 50 ℃.

③ When the low-temperature pump is stopped, unless there are special requirements, the pump should be filled with liquid frequently; The suction valve and discharge valve should be kept in a normally open state; For low-temperature pumps using double end mechanical seals, the liquid level controller and the sealing liquid in the pump sealing chamber should maintain the grouting pressure of the pump.

④ Pumps that transport media that are prone to crystallization, solidification, and precipitation should be prevented from clogging after stopping the pump, and the pump and pipeline should be promptly flushed with clean water or other media.

⑤ Drain the accumulated liquid in the pump to prevent rust and frost cracking.

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