III. Main Structure and Purpose of Machine Tool
This machine consists of a main engine, hydraulic system, electrical control box, etc., which are connected by pipelines and electrical devices.
Whole machine: The main unit consists of the body and oil cylinder; The hydraulic system consists of integrated oil circuits, pump units, etc; The electrical system consists of operation and various control components. The structure and function of each part are described as follows:
3.1 Body
The body is welded from steel plates, and there are square and circular feeding holes on the workbench of the body to drop out products or waste materials. The machine body worktable is equipped with a worktable, and there are T-shaped slots on both the worktable and worktable for installing molds. The slider moves inside the left and right guide rails fastened to the body, and is connected to the oil cylinder piston in a spherical shape. It moves up and down along the body guide rail by relying on the slider guide rail. The slider and worktable surfaces have "T" - shaped grooves for fastening and installing molds.
3.2 Oil Cylinder
The cylinder body and piston rod of this hydraulic punch press are made of high-quality materials and professionally manufactured. The surface of the piston rod has undergone strict heat treatment, and the hardness of the guiding part is around HRC45. The main seal of the oil cylinder adopts a new type of sealing ring with low friction resistance and high pressure resistance, which is made of imported materials from Japan. The motion guidance of the piston rod adopts non-metallic wear-resistant rings with strong load-bearing capacity to avoid the possible cylinder pulling phenomenon caused by metal contact. The cylinder body is fastened to the center hole of the body by the cylinder head shoulder, and the lower end of the piston rod is connected to the spherical slider. The cylinder head guide sleeve serves as a guide, and the piston head is equipped with sealing rings for holes in opposite directions, forming two oil chambers inside the cylinder. The cylinder head guide sleeve is also equipped with a shaft sealing ring that is locked by a flange to ensure the sealing of the lower chamber. A filling valve is installed in the large hole at the end of the oil cylinder.
3.3 Liquid filling system
The filling system consists of two parts: a filling valve and a filling cylinder.
When the slider rapidly descends, due to the negative pressure in the upper chamber of the main cylinder, the main valve of the filling valve is sucked open, allowing a large amount of oil in the filling cylinder to flow into the upper chamber of the main cylinder, so that the slider can smoothly and quickly descend. When unloading, the control oil first enters the control valve, causing the control piston to overcome the spring force and push the unloading valve core downwards, so that the high-pressure oil in the upper chamber of the main cylinder is connected to the filling cylinder through the unloading valve core, achieving the purpose of unloading.
There is an elongated oil gauge on the upper part of the filling cylinder to observe the oil level. The overflow pipe of the filling cylinder divides the volume of the filling cylinder into two parts: the lower part is used for the quick downward movement of the slider, and the upper part is used to accommodate the oil discharged from the upper chamber of the master cylinder when the slider returns. There is a gate valve installed on the lower side of the filling cylinder for regular oil replacement.
The filling valve is securely connected to the bottom of the oil cylinder using threads on the valve seat, and sealed with an O-ring. The filling cylinder is connected to the upper end surface of the main cylinder through a central plane, and is fastened with bolts and sealed with oil resistant rubber pads. There are ventilation holes on the cover of the cylinder and hooks inside the filling cylinder.
3.4 Power mechanism
The power mechanism is composed of a fuel tank. Composed of high-pressure oil pump, electric motor, integrated valve block, etc. It is a mechanism that generates and distributes working fluid to enable the host to complete various predetermined actions.
The hydraulic system consists of energy conversion devices (motors, pumps, cylinders, etc.), energy regulation devices (various valves), and energy transmission devices (oil tanks, pipelines). With the control of the electrical system, it drives the slider and ejection cylinder to complete various process action cycles. The performance and parameters of each part of this system have been rigorously tested and adjusted before leaving the factory,Users only need to adjust the pressure control valve (0-25Mpa) during use, and other adjustments or modifications are not allowed without authorization.