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The ancient throwing sport of javelin throwing

Origin and Development

In ancient times, javelin was a sport and also a competitive event in ancient Greece. It is said that in javelin competitions at that time, like discus throwing, it was not only better than throwing far, but also better than throwing accurately. The equipment and throwing methods are significantly different from today. It is said that at that time, the javelin was about two meters long, and the tip of the spear was a sharpened stone, later changed to a metal object. There is a belt tied to the gun barrel, which can be hooked with fingers during throwing and rotated to increase the gun's power.

In the Middle Ages, javelin throwing competitions were popular in Europe, and even considered javelin throwing as a criterion for selecting talents and spouses.

According to the History of England, King Henry VIII was a skilled javelin thrower with exceptional throwing skills,. In order to improve his skills, he often summoned famous bidding gun experts into the palace to compete with him. In the 16th century, King Rabelais of England also suggested making the sport of gunslinging a compulsory course for cultivating and training young warriors. According to legend, in a mountainous area of Europe, three young people sent someone to propose marriage to a girl's home at the same time. The girl decisively said, "I want to marry that person with a far sighted spear." Under the guidance of the clan leader and elders, the three young people competed in a javelin throwing contest. Two backward young men voluntarily gave up the matter of proposing marriage.

Although javelin has a long history, it has not been included in the event until the second edition. The modern javelin sport was first developed in Norway, Finland, Sweden, and other countries around the mid-19th century. At that time, the methods and postures of throwing javelin were not uniform. Some people hooked their belts and rotated to throw, some held the gun body and threw directly, some threw from the shoulder, and some threw from under the shoulder, all of which were varied, making it difficult to compete. So the javelin was not included as a competition event in the first three modern editions. In 1906, during the commemoration of the 10th anniversary of modern times in Athens, the conference adopted the proposal of representatives from Sweden and Finland to include javelin as a competition event. Sweden's Leming won the javelin event with a distance of 53.90 meters, surpassing his previous record of 53.79 meters. In 1908, the javelin throwing competition was divided into two positions: one was to use fingers to hook a belt and spin the javelin, which was called the "Greek style" by the organizers; the other was similar to our current throwing method, holding the middle of the javelin gun body and throwing it forward from the shoulder, which was called the "freestyle style" by the organizers. Then record the scores of these two casting methods separately. At the fifth edition in 1912, Leming, Sweden set a record for the men's javelin with a time of 62.32 meters. The women's javelin throw was not listed as an international event until 1932, when American athlete Derrick Wilson achieved a record of 43.68 meters in the javelin throw. Earlier in the same year, American athlete Jindal set the official world record for women's javelin with a height of 46.74 meters. With the development of sports science, javelin throwing techniques and sports equipment are constantly being improved and updated. The ancient clamp grip method gradually developed into modern grip, with shoulder mounted guns replacing shoulder mounted guns. Various shooting methods emerged one after another, especially the throwing step before throwing the gun with force, which evolved from "one foot jump", "heel to heel", and "back cross step" to the widely used "front cross step" technique nowadays. This not only allows the thrower to utilize the running speed, but also tightly connects the running speed and force, creating favorable conditions for fully utilizing the running speed to lift the gun. In addition, within the allowed scope of the rules, sports equipment has been continuously improved, which has greatly promoted the improvement of javelin throwing performance. As a result, sports performance improved rapidly. By the end of 1984, the men's javelin throw record reached 104.80 meters, and the women's javelin throw record increased to 80.00 meters by the end of 1992, set by Reinsch of the former Democratic Republic of Germany in 1988.

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