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Weisi Nano Technology (Suzhou) Co., Ltd
Core Technology Analysis: Emulsification, Dispersion, and Homogenization
Date: 2025-10-28Read: 0
preface:
In many industrial fields such as food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and chemicals, it is often necessary to mix immiscible components into oneStable and uniformThe product. among these,Emulsification, dispersion, and homogenizationThese are three crucial and interrelated technologies. Although their goal is to achieve uniform mixing of substances, their underlying principles, application objects, and technical focuses are different.
1emulsificationConstructing a stable system of immiscible liquids
Emulsification is a process of mixing two (or more) immiscible liquids throughExternal force doing work and adding emulsifiersTo evenly disperse one type of liquid in the form of tiny droplets in another liquid, forming a liquid with certain stabilityMultiphase systemThe process. This system is called an emulsion.
The most common examples are oil and water.
Application areas of emulsification technology
1. Pharmaceutical field
Drug delivery systemUsed as a drug carrier to enhance drug solubility and stability, improve drug bioavailability and targeting. For example, wrapping insoluble drugs in nano lotion can increase their solubility in water, thus improving their absorption efficiency after oral administration or injection.
vaccine developmentNano lotion can be used as stabilizer and adjuvant of vaccine to improve the immunogenicity and stability of vaccine.
Local administration: Nano lotion can achieve local drug delivery, improve drug permeability and therapeutic effect.
2. Cosmetics
Nano lotion can not only improve the texture and permeability of skin care products, making active ingredients more easily absorbed by the skin, but also be used to prepare cosmetics with better dispersion and stability, such as liquid foundation, lipstick, etc.
3. Food industry
Functional food: Nano lotion can be used to prepare functional food, such as nutrition enhancer, antioxidant, etc. Improve the solubility and stability of these ingredients to make them easier for the human body to absorb and utilize.
Food additive: Nano lotion can be used as food emulsifier and stabilizer to improve the taste, texture and stability of food.
IIdisperseRealize uniform distribution of powder in liquid
Dispersion refers to the process of separating and uniformly distributing solid particles into a liquid medium, forming a suspension. The core challenge lies in overcoming the cohesive forces between solid particles (such as van der Waals forces) and preventing dispersed particles from aggregating again.
Classification of methods for decentralized technology
According to the dispersion medium, the dispersion system is divided intoWater based and non-aqueous systems.
Decentralized technology can be divided intoPhysical dispersion and chemical dispersionTwo major categories.
Physical dispersion:
Mechanical stirring dispersion:Utilize the shear and impact forces generated by the mixer to disperse the material into the medium. The mechanical stirring dispersion method is simple and easy to operate, suitable for dispersing various materials.
Ultrasonic dispersion:By utilizing the cavitation, shear, and impact forces generated by ultrasound in the medium, materials are dispersed into the medium. The ultrasonic dispersion method has the advantages of high efficiency and environmental protection, but it consumes a lot of energy and is suitable for laboratory and small-scale production.
High pressure micro jet dispersion:Use a high-pressure pump to pressurize the material to high pressure, and then pass throughmicrochannelForming high-speed microjets, which subject materials to strong shear, impact, and cavitation effects within microchannels, thereby achieving material dispersion. The high-pressure micro jet dispersion method has the advantages of good dispersion effect and controllable particle size, and is suitable for the preparation and dispersion of nanomaterials.
Chemical dispersion:
The chemical dispersion method mainly changes the surface properties of materials by adding dispersants, reduces the interaction forces between materials, and achieves material dispersion. The selection and use of dispersants have a significant impact on the dispersion effect. Common dispersants include inorganic salts, organic acids, surfactants, polymer compounds, etc.
IIIhomogeneous: ProvidefinalParticle size control and uniformity
Homogenization is not an independent chemical process, but a process of enhancing physical processing. It is usually used as a key step in emulsification or dispersion processes. Its goal is to apply mechanical force（Shear, impact, and cavitation effects）Make the systemdispersed phaseWhether it is droplets or solid particles, the particle size becomes smaller and the distribution becomes narrower, thereby achieving uniformity and stability.
Classification of Homogenization Technology
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High pressure homogenization technology
During the homogenization process, laminar flow effect is generated, and dispersed phase particles or droplets are sheared and stretched to break up; Affected by turbulence effects, particles or droplets undergo random deformation under pressure fluctuations; Affected by the cavitation effect, high pressure causes small bubbles to rapidly rupture, releasing energy and causing local hydraulic shock, resulting in vibration. The liquid passing through the gap, due to instantaneous loss of pressurehigh-speedThe velocity of the jet is ejected and collides with a homogeneous component, producing three effects: shear, impact, and cavitation.
2.High pressure microjet technology
Micro jet homogenizerThe fluid to be treated (such as lotion, suspension, etc.) is pressurized to high pressure by a high-pressure pump, and then the fluid passes through the microchannel with special internal structure (such as "Y" or "Z" type) at high speed. During the process of high-speed fluid passing through microchannels, due to the sharp reduction in channel size, the pressure inside the fluid drops sharply, resulting in supersonic flow velocity. At this point, a series of complex physical phenomena occur within the fluid, including particle collisions, cavitation and leakage, shear, etc., causing the material to be subjected to high-frequency shear, impact, particle to particle collisions, and enormous pressure.
4、 Summary
In summary, high-pressure homogenizers and microjet homogenizers play a crucial role in emulsification, dispersion, and homogenization in various industries.
During the emulsification processThe working principle of a high-pressure homogenizer is to use high pressure and shear force to mix two immiscible liquids (usually oil and water) together, forming a uniform and stable emulsion. It can improve emulsification efficiency and increase stability.
During the dispersion process,High pressure homogenizer can refine solid particles or droplets in materials to the micrometer or even nanometer level through strong shear force, making them easier to disperse in liquids. To avoid agglomeration and precipitation, thereby improving the uniformity of the dispersion system.
The homogenization function of the high-pressure homogenizer is one of its most core functions.During the homogenization processThe high-pressure homogenizer crushes large particles or droplets in the material into small particles or droplets through high pressure and shear action, achieving uniform mixing and dispersion of the material.