Geometric Optics ExperimentThe series can offer various experiments in geometric optics. Under the guidance of teachers, students can assemble experiments freely through the experimental attachments provided by our company. The construction of this experiment not only cultivates students' hands-on ability, but also inspires their thinking. To achieve the goal of cultivating students' innovative spirit and practical ability.
Experimental content:
1. Measure the focal length of thin lenses (object to image distance method, self collimation method, Bessel method), measure the focal length of concave lenses, measure the focal length of eyepieces based on the magnification of the object image, determine the nodes and focal length of the lens group, measure the magnification of microscopes and telescopes, and assemble projectors.
2. Using geometric methods to study the propagation laws of light in media and the imaging characteristics of optical systems.
Usage:
Preparation and instrument adjustment before the experiment:
Coaxial adjustment
Ensure high coaxiality of light sources, lenses, flat mirrors/screens, etc., to avoid imaging offset or blur.
During coarse adjustment, align the scale lines of the optical tool holder visually, while fine adjustment requires fine-tuning the lens position according to imaging rules (such as secondary imaging method).
Optical component protection
Only touch the side of the lens or the rough surface of the prism, avoiding direct contact with the optical surface; Use mirror paper or a specialized brush for cleaning.
It is prohibited to disassemble the instrument without authorization. The knob adjustment should be gentle to avoid mechanical wear and tear.
Focal length measurement method:
Measurement of focal length of convex lens
Self collimation method: Place the object on the focal plane of the lens and reflect it through a plane mirror to form an equal inverted image. The object distance is the focal length.
Conjugate method (Bessel method): fix the distance between the fixed object screen (>4F), move the lens to record the imaging position twice, and calculate the focal length by displacement difference.
Object distance and image distance method: directly measure the object distance (u) and image distance (v), and calculate them using the Gaussian formula 1/f=1/u+1/v1/f=1/u+1/v.
Measurement of concave lens focal length
It is necessary to combine convex lenses to form virtual objects and measure them using the virtual object real image method.