Analysis of the working principle and usage details of fog cannon machine
1、 Overview of Working Principle
The fog cannon machine achieves dust reduction, cooling or cleaning functions by transforming liquid water mist into small particles (with a diameter of about 30-200 μ m) and transporting them to the target area using airflow. The core principle includes the following steps:
1. Atomization of water
-High pressure jet: Water is transported to a special nozzle through a high-pressure water pump (with a pressure of up to 1-10 MPa), and the contraction structure or high-speed airflow inside the nozzle tears the water into small water droplets.
-Pneumatic assistance: Some models use compressors to generate airflow, which mixes with water flow at the nozzle to accelerate water atomization and promote droplet diffusion.
2. Droplet transport and coverage
-Wind power: The atomized water droplets are blown by a high-speed fan (with a wind speed of up to 30-120 m/s) to form a mist curtain that covers a long distance (20-200 meters).
-Principle of air supply: The negative pressure and airflow disturbance generated by the fan evenly disperse the droplets, expand the coverage area, and enhance the probability of contact with pollutants.
3. Adsorption and sedimentation of pollutants
-Mist droplets combine with dust, PM2.5 and other particles in the air to form moist clusters and settle, achieving the goal of purifying the air.
-Some models can add cleaning agents to decompose pollutants through chemical reactions.
2、 Details of use and key points of operation
1. Preliminary preparation and inspection
-Equipment status: Check whether the power supply, control system, nozzle, seals, and fan blades are intact, ensuring no blockage or wear.
-Water source and chemicals: The water tank needs to use softened or filtered water to avoid calcium and magnesium ion scaling and nozzle blockage; When adding cleaning agents, they need to be diluted proportionally.
-Environmental safety: Clean up flammable and explosive materials in the work area, ensure good ventilation, and wear protective equipment (such as dust masks and insulated gloves).
2. Parameter adjustment and operation control
-Spray range adjustment: control the shape and coverage of the fog curtain by adjusting the nozzle angle (± 360 ° rotation), fan elevation (manual or automatic) and air pressure.
-Flow and pressure optimization: Set the water pump pressure (such as 5-8MPa) and fan speed according to the job requirements, balance the dust reduction effect and water consumption.
-Intelligent control: high-end models support remote control (remote control or Internet of Things platform), real-time monitoring of spray status and automatic parameter adjustment.
3. Maintenance and emergency response during operation
-Real time monitoring: observe the uniformity of fog droplets, fan vibration values (normal ≤ 4.5mm/s), and noise (abnormal noise may indicate bearing damage).
-Anti blocking measures: After long-term shutdown, the water tank should be emptied, and the automatic drainage function should be turned on before the end of winter operations to prevent pipeline freezing and cracking.
-Fault response: If the nozzle is blocked, it can be disassembled, cleaned or replaced with a wear-resistant nozzle made of stainless steel/ceramic material.
4. Post cleaning and maintenance
-Equipment cleaning: Immediately rinse the nozzle, filter screen, and water tank with clean water after use to avoid residual chemicals corroding the components.
-Key component maintenance: Regularly inspect the fan bearings (add lubricating grease every 50 hours), replace the sealing rings (recommended interval of 3-6 months), and maintain the plunger pump.
-Storage requirements: For long-term storage, the equipment should be covered and placed in a dry and sheltered place. The negative pole of the battery should be disconnected to prevent leakage.
3、 Tips for Improving Safety and Efficiency
1. Environmental adaptation: When working outdoors, it is necessary to spray downwind to avoid backflow of fog droplets caused by headwinds; Spray frequency shall be increased in high temperature environment to prevent water evaporation.
2. Water consumption control: Compared to traditional sprinkler trucks, fog cannon machines save 70% -80% water, and can further optimize water efficiency by adjusting the number of nozzles (such as single-layer or double-layer configurations).
3. Safety protection: It is prohibited to spray towards densely populated areas, and the recommended operating distance is ≥ 10 meters; Electrical equipment needs to be grounded for protection, and explosion-proof areas should use explosion-proof fog cannon machines.