Langfang Aoxu Zhaochen Instrument Co., Ltd
info@aoxuzhaochen.com
18810818194
5th Floor, Building 22, Xingyuan High tech Industrial Park, Yanjiao High tech Zone, Sanhe City, Langfang City, Hebei Province
The testing of power batteries for new energy vehicles is a complex and systematic project, involving a series of strict national standards, international standards, and corresponding precision testing equipment.Xiao AoTranslate into Englishfrom the followingTwo parts are conductedIntroduce the testing items and related trends of power batteries to everyone.
The testing standards for power batteries mainly revolve aroundSafety, performance, lifespan, and reliabilityThe four core objectives are unfolded. There is a mature standard system in major markets and regions around the world.
1Domestic standards
○GB/T 31484-2015Safety Requirements and Test Methods for Power Batteries for Electric Vehicles "(Core Safety Standard, covering tests such as thermal abuse, short circuit, and compression).
○GB/T 31485-2015Lithium ion power battery packs and systems for electric vehicles (performance requirements for battery packs and systems).
○GB/T 31486-2015Requirements and Test Methods for Cycle Life of Power Batteries for Electric Vehicles (specifies the testing methods and indicators for cycle life).
2. International Standard
○IEC 62660Lithium ion battery packs and systems for electric road vehicles (International General Safety and Performance Standards).
○UN 38.3Lithium Battery Transportation Safety Test (for safety testing during battery transportation).
Major automobile manufacturers (such as Tesla, Volkswagen, BMW, BYD, etc.) will base themselves on the above international standards/National standards are being formulated to be more stringentEnterprise StandardThere are higher requirements for the performance, lifespan, and safety of batteries.
Coverage of power battery testing equipmentSafety performance, electrical performance, environmental adaptability, mechanical reliabilityFrom multiple dimensions, the specific equipment and applications are as follows:
1. Safety performance testing equipment
Battery cell thermal abuse test chamber:Simulate high temperatures, flames, and other environments to test the risk of battery thermal runaway.
Battery temperature control short-circuit test box:Simulate short-circuit scenarios under controlled temperature conditions and evaluate short-circuit safety.
Battery combustion testing machine:Verify the flame retardant performance and flame spread control ability of the battery through combustion testing.
Battery compression/Heavy impact testing machine:Simulate mechanical damage such as collision and compression, and test the anti damage ability of the battery shell and internal structure.
Battery drop testing machine:Test the structural integrity and safety of the battery during the drop process.
2. Electrical performance and lifespan testing equipment
Battery charging and discharging testing equipment:Test the charging and discharging efficiency, capacity decay, and rate performance (such as3C/5C fast charging test), supports multi-channel synchronous acquisition (such as 32 channel parallel testing).
Battery internal resistance tester:Judging battery health status by measuring internal resistance（SOH）， Provide a basis for maintenance and replacement.
Cycle life testing equipment:Simulate long-term charge and discharge cycles to predict battery life (such asCapacity retention rate after 1000 cycles.
Power characteristic spectrum tester:Evaluate the dynamic response and internal resistance changes of the battery under different power loads.
3. Environmental and reliability testing equipment
High and low temperature test chamber/Temperature cycling test chamber:simulation-Temperature and cyclic changes between 40 ℃ and 85 ℃ are used to test the stability of battery performance.
Low pressure test chamber:Simulate high-altitude and low-pressure environments to verify battery sealing performance.
Vibration test bench:Simulate vibration conditions during vehicle operation and test the reliability of battery structure and connections.
Damp heat cycle test chamber:Evaluate the corrosion resistance and insulation performance of batteries by combining humidity and temperature changes.
4. Mechanical performance testing equipment
Tensile testing machine:Test the tensile strength of battery terminals, connecting wires, and other components to ensure the reliability of mechanical connections.Insertion and extraction force testing machine:Test the plug-in life and contact stability of charging interfaces, terminals, and other components.
Air tightness tester:Check the waterproof and dustproof level of the battery pack (such asIP67/IP68）， Prevent electrolyte leakage or external water vapor intrusion.
Explosion pressure detectorTest the explosion pressure of the battery explosion-proof valve and shell to ensure the safety of pressure release under certain conditions.
5. Special testing equipment
Respiratory cycle tester:Simulate the gas expansion and contraction during battery charging and discharging processes to evaluate the fatigue life of the casing after long-term use.
Residual energy detector:For retired batteries, detect remaining capacity and safety, and support cascading utilization scenarios (such as energy storage systems).
IIIReference for Technical Parameters of Core Testing Equipment
1. Safety performance testing equipment
Device Type |
Core technical parameters |
Typical application scenarios |
Thermal abuse test of battery cells |
Temperature control range:-40 ℃~200 ℃ (accuracy ± 1 ℃); Heating rate: 0.5~5 ℃/min; Support inert gas protection (such as N ₂) |
Temperature testing triggered by thermal runaway and analysis of electrolyte decomposition characteristics |
Battery compression test |
Squeezing speed:5~500mm/min (adjustable); Maximum extrusion force: 500kN; extrusion plate area: ≥ 200mm × 200mm |
Verification of anti extrusion strength of power battery pack shell (national standard)GB/T 31484） |
Heavy impact test of battery |
Impact energy:0~200J (adjusted by weight and height, such as a 10kg weight falling from a height of 1m); Impact speed: 0~10m/s |
Simulating blunt object impact in vehicle collisions（UN 38.3 Test 3） |
Battery combustion test |
Flame temperature:800~1100 ℃ (adjustable); Burning time: 0-300s (timed control); Flame spraying angle: 0 °~90 ° |
Performance testing of flame-retardant materials for battery packs and verification of flame spread control |
2. Electrical performance and lifespan testing equipment
Device Type |
Core technical parameters |
Typical application scenarios |
Multi channel battery testing |
Voltage range:0.5~5V (single cell)/0~1000V (battery pack); Current range: ± 10A~± 2000A (supports bidirectional charging and discharging); Channel synchronization accuracy: ≤ 1ms |
Consistency screening of power battery modules（32 channel parallel testing) |
Battery internal resistance test |
Test scope:0.1m Ω~1000m Ω; accuracy: ± 1% rdg+3dgt; Test frequency: 1kHz/10kHz (AC method) |
Cell sorting (internal resistance difference)≤ 5%), SOH (State of Health) assessment |
Cycle life test |
Cycle times:0-10000 cycles (supporting program controlled charging and discharging cut-off conditions); Synchronous acquisition parameters: voltage, current, temperature (sampling rate ≥ 1Hz) |
Prediction of power battery life (such asCapacity retention rate ≥ 80% after 800 cycles |
3Environmental and reliability testing equipment
Device Type |
Core technical parameters |
Typical application scenarios |
Temperature cycling test |
Temperature range:-60℃~150℃； Cycle times: 0~1000 times (customizable temperature curve); Humidity range: 10%~98% RH (wet heat cycle mode) |
Reliability testing of high and low temperature cycling for power battery packs (such as-40 ℃~85 ℃, 100 cycles |
vibration test |
Vibration frequency:5-2000Hz; maximum acceleration: 1000m/s ²; Amplitude: 0~50mm (displacement control); Support random/sine vibration mode |
Vehicle battery pack vibration durability test (simulating the entire vehicle)Vibration spectrum during 100000 kilometers of driving |
Low pressure test |
Pressure range:10~101kPa (simulated altitude of 0~10000m); Temperature range: -40 ℃~85 ℃ (temperature pressure linkage control) |
Verification of battery sealing performance in high-altitude areas (such asIP67 protection level |
4Specialized testing equipment
Device Type |
Core technical parameters |
Typical application scenarios |
airtightness test |
Detection pressure range:-100kPa~1000kPa (positive and negative pressure optional); Leakage rate resolution: ≤ 1 × 10 ⁻⁹ Pa · m ³/s; Test time: 1~300s |
Waterproof and dustproof test of battery pack（IP68 rating: no leakage after soaking in 1m underwater for 30 minutes |
Surplus energy detection |
Charge and discharge current:0.1~2C (supports small rate capacity testing of retired batteries); Capacity testing accuracy: ± 0.5% FS; internal resistance testing range: 0.1m Ω~1 Ω |
Remaining capacity screening of retired batteries before cascading utilization (such as capacity)≥ 80% nominal value) |
Conclusion
Power battery testing equipment is used in the new energy vehicle industryBehind the scenes safety barrier "helps enterprises identify defects in advance (such as thermal runaway risk, rapid capacity decay, etc.) by simulating working conditions and quantifying performance indicators, ensuring consumer safety while promoting battery technology iteration (such as high energy density and long-life battery research and development).
In the next article, we will focus on the core application of high and low temperature liquid cooled testing units in power battery electrical testing. Please pay attentionThe official account of "Aoxu Zhaochen" is shared by more industries.