Ultrasonic emulsification equipmentIt is a specialized equipment that utilizes ultrasonic cavitation effect to achieve uniform dispersion of incompatible phases (such as oil and water). With advantages such as high efficiency and no dependence on chemical additives, it is widely used in fields such as food, medicine, and daily chemical products. Its technical core can be analyzed from four aspects: working principle, key components, core technical parameters, and technical advantages.
1、 Core working principle
The core of the equipment relies on the ultrasonic cavitation effect: the ultrasonic generator converts the power frequency electrical signal into a high-frequency electrical signal (usually 20kHz-100kHz), which is then converted into high-frequency mechanical vibration by the transducer and transmitted to the material in the emulsion chamber. During the vibration process, countless tiny bubbles are formed inside the material and rapidly expand and rupture, generating local high temperatures (about 5000K), high pressures (about 100MPa), and strong shock waves. The dispersed phase (such as oil droplets) is crushed into tiny particles (particle size can reach 0.1-10 μ m), while pushing the particles to be uniformly dispersed in the continuous phase (such as water), forming a stable emulsion system.
2、 Key structural components
Ultrasonic generator: The "power source" of the equipment is responsible for electrical signal conversion and frequency adjustment. A high-quality generator can achieve automatic frequency tracking to ensure stable vibration.
Transducers: Core energy conversion components, divided into piezoelectric and magnetostrictive types. The former is more commonly used due to its high conversion efficiency (≥ 90%) and small size, and its performance directly determines the emulsification effect.
Variable amplitude rod and emulsifying head: The variable amplitude rod amplifies the amplitude of mechanical vibration, and the emulsifying head transmits the vibration to the material. The head is often designed as a serrated or porous structure to enhance the cavitation effect and material mixing effect.
Emulsification chamber: a container that holds materials, and some equipment is equipped with a temperature controlled interlayer to regulate the emulsification temperature and avoid high temperatures affecting material properties.
3、 Core technical parameters
Working frequency: Low frequency (20-40kHz) with strong cavitation effect, suitable for emulsification of coarse particles; High frequency (60-100kHz) emulsification is more delicate and suitable for thermosensitive materials.
Power density: The conventional range is 50-500W/L. The higher the power density, the faster the emulsification speed, but it needs to match the material tolerance to avoid excessive ultrasonic degradation of the material.
Emulsification time: Adjust according to the characteristics of the material, usually 3-30 minutes, and the optimal time should be determined through experiments to balance efficiency and emulsification stability.
Temperature control: The emulsification temperature of most materials is controlled between 20-60 ℃, which needs to be precisely regulated through the chamber temperature control system.
4、 Technical advantages and applicable scenarios
Compared with traditional mechanical emulsification equipment, its advantages are significant: the emulsified particles are more uniform and delicate, and the stability is improved by more than 30%; No or minimal use of emulsifiers, reducing costs and being more environmentally friendly; The equipment is small in size and easy to operate, suitable for laboratory trials and industrial mass production. Typical applications include: sauce emulsification in the food industry, ointment preparation in the pharmaceutical field, cosmetics lotion production in the daily chemical industry, and nano particle dispersion in the field of new materials.