ultrasonic homogenizerIt is a device that utilizes high-frequency ultrasonic vibration and cavitation effect to achieve efficient homogenization of materials. Its core principle is to break down and uniformly disperse particles or cells in the mixture through cavitation and other physical effects generated by ultrasonic waves in the liquid. The following will introduce the working principle, core components, application areas, advantages and limitations:

1、 Working principle

The working principle of ultrasonic homogenizer is based on the vibration and cavitation effects generated by ultrasonic waves in liquid:

High frequency vibration: The ultrasonic generator generates high-frequency electrical signals (usually above 20kHz), which are converted into mechanical energy through a transducer to form high-frequency vibration.

Cavitation effect: When ultrasound is applied to a liquid, alternating high and low pressure zones are generated inside the liquid. In the low-pressure stage, liquid vaporizes to form tiny bubbles; In the high-pressure stage, these bubbles collapse instantly, producing local high temperatures (up to thousands of degrees Celsius), high pressures (up to hundreds of atmospheres), and strong shear forces. This physical phenomenon can effectively break down large particles or cells in materials, causing them to lose their original symmetry and shape, and gradually disperse to various regions.

Physical effects: Ultrasonic waves can also create effective agitation and flow in liquids, disrupt the structure of the medium, and crush particles in the liquid. This effect is mainly achieved through collisions between liquids, microphase flow, and shock waves, resulting in changes in the surface morphology of particles and ultimately forming a uniform particle dispersion.

2、 Core components

The main components of an ultrasonic homogenizer include:

Ultrasonic generator: generates high-frequency electrical signals to provide energy to the system.

Transducers: convert electrical energy into mechanical energy to generate high-frequency vibrations.

Variable amplitude rod: amplifies the amplitude according to design requirements, isolates the reaction solution and transducer, and also serves to fix the entire ultrasonic vibration system.

Tool head (transmitter): Connected to the amplitude lever, it transmits ultrasonic energy vibration to the tool head, and then the tool head emits ultrasonic energy into the chemical reaction liquid.

Control system: controls the position and rate of the mass transfer head, as well as the intensity and duration of ultrasonic vibration.

Measurement system: measures the fluidity and homogeneity parameters of the mixture to ensure processing effectiveness.