Reverse osmosis is a membrane separation and filtration technology that utilizes pressure difference as a driving force. It originated from the research of aerospace technology in the 1960s in the United States and gradually transformed into civilian use. Currently, it has been widely used in scientific research, medicine, food, beverage, seawater desalination and other fields
Reverse osmosis is a membrane separation and filtration technology that utilizes pressure difference as a driving force. It originated from the research of aerospace technology in the 1960s in the United States and gradually transformed into civilian use. Currently, it has been widely used in scientific research, medicine, food, beverage, seawater desalination and other fields. In the preparation of industrial ultrapure water, such as electronic and power ultrapure water, chemical, electroplating ultrapure water, boiler feed water, and pharmaceutical ultrapure water, it is often used as deionized water, electrodeionization(EDI)Compared with the traditional pre-treatment process using ion exchange resin, reverse osmosis has the advantages of being more economical, energy-saving, stable in operation, and more reliable in water quality. Moreover, it can greatly extend the regeneration cycle of the ion exchange resin and the electrolysis of ions in the later stage(EDI)The cleaning cycle.
working principle:
Penetration is a physical phenomenon. When two types of water containing different concentrations of salts are separated by a semi permeable membrane, it is found that the water on the side with less salt content will permeate through the membrane to the water with higher salt content, while the salt content does not permeate. In this way, the salt concentrations on both sides gradually merge until they are equal. This process is called natural infiltration. Reverse osmosis is a separation method that separates solutes and solvents in a solution under pressure, utilizing the selective retention effect of a semi permeable membrane.
Industrial pure water equipment component:
Reverse osmosis equipment is a water treatment system organized around a reverse osmosis membrane. A complete reverse osmosis system consists of a pretreatment section, a reverse osmosis host (membrane filtration section), a post-treatment section, and a system cleaning section
1、 Pre treatment often consists of quartz sand filtration device, activated carbon filtration device, and precision filtration device, with the main purpose of removing sediment, rust, colloidal substances, suspended solids, pigments, and impurities contained in raw water Taste, biochemical organic matter, reducing residual ammonia value in water and harmful substances such as pesticide pollution. If the content of calcium and magnesium ions in the raw water is high, it is necessary to add a soft water device, mainly to protect the reverse osmosis membrane in the later stage from damage by large particles, thereby extending the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane.
2、 The reverse osmosis host is mainly composed of a booster pump, membrane housing, reverse osmosis membrane, control circuit, etc. It is the core part of the entire water treatment system, and the quality of the produced water mainly depends on this part. As long as the membrane The appropriate selection of the model and booster pump can achieve the filtration capacity of the reverse osmosis host for salt in water99%Above, the conductivity of the effluent can be guaranteed to be within10us/cm(25Within the specified range.
IIIIndustrial pure water equipment The post-processing part mainly involves further processing of the pure water produced by the reverse osmosis host. If the subsequent process involves ion exchange or electro deionization(EDI)The equipment can be used to produce industrial ultrapure water. If it is used in the process of direct drinking water for civilian use, it is often connected to a post sterilization device, such as a paper external sterilization lamp or ozone generator, so that the water can be directly consumed.
4、 In order to ensure the normal operation of the reverse osmosis system and extend the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane components, it is necessary to clean the system after a period of operation to remove substances such as calcium carbonate scale, metal oxide scale in water, and biological growth (bacteria, fungi, molds, etc.).
Application areas and characteristics of reverse osmosis technology:
1Under the condition of no phase transition at room temperature, solute and water can be separated, which is suitable for the separation of thermosensitive substances Concentrate and have lower energy consumption compared to separation methods with phase changes.
2The reverse osmosis membrane separation technology has a wide range of impurity removal.
3High desalination rate and water reuse rate, capable of intercepting solutes with a particle size of several nanometers or more.
4By utilizing low pressure as the driving force for membrane separation, the separation device is simple, easy to operate, maintain, and control, and the site is safe and hygienic.
Therefore, reverse osmosis water treatment technology has been widely used in industries such as boiler feedwater treatment in power plants, ultra pure water treatment in electronics and semiconductor industries, pure water treatment in chemical and pharmaceutical industries, water treatment in food, beverage, drinking water, desalination of seawater and brackish water, metallurgy, light industry, electroplating, and leather industries.
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