Purification project for cosmetics workshop

The purification engineering of cosmetics workshop is commonly referred to as dust-free workshop, purification workshop, clean room, etc; It refers to a specially designed room that removes pollutants such as particles, harmful air, and bacteria from the air within a certain spatial range, and controls indoor temperature, cleanliness, indoor pressure, airflow velocity and distribution, noise and vibration, lighting, and static electricity within a certain required range.

Purification project for cosmetics workshopCommonly known as dust-free workshop, purification workshop, clean room, etc; It refers to a specially designed room that removes pollutants such as particles, harmful air, and bacteria from the air within a certain spatial range, and controls indoor temperature, cleanliness, indoor pressure, airflow velocity and distribution, noise and vibration, lighting, and static electricity within a certain required range.

With the acceleration of China's modernization construction and development process,Purification project for cosmetics workshopIt is increasingly being applied in various fields. Its cleanliness and purification characteristics can fully meet the research and development of precision instruments in various industries with the increasing development of technology, as well as the high cleanliness requirements in the medical field. Therefore, the application of purification type clean air conditioning in China is becoming more and more in-depth. How to do a good job in the design of clean room purification air conditioning engineering has also become an urgent problem to be solved.

1. Issues to be noted in the design of clean room purification air conditioning engineering

1.1 To design air conditioning systems for clean rooms, it is necessary to use the best HVAC related professionals, and also pay attention to the protection structure and corresponding process of the clean room. Otherwise, it will have a great impact on the use of clean room air conditioning.

1.2 Determine its cleanliness level and system classification. The design scheme and investment of air conditioning system engineering directly depend on the degree of impact of cleanliness level on it. Therefore, based on actual usage and requirements, different purification air conditioning systems with different cleanliness levels should be set up separately to reduce energy consumption and investment, and make the system design of the project rational and economical.

1.3 Positive pressure control. Maintaining a certain degree of positive pressure is one of the necessary conditions for a clean room, with the aim of not being contaminated by the external environment. Its principle is to ensure that the supply air volume of the purification air conditioning system is greater than the sum of the return air and exhaust air volume. In addition to installing relevant air volume control valves on ventilation ducts, positive pressure control equipment should also be installed, such as installing air resistance layers, pressure differential electric air volume control devices, or quantitative air valves at the return air outlet. The installation distance of the quantitative air valve must be considered to ensure its effective functioning.

1.4 Airflow organization. The airflow organization in a clean room is different from that in a typical air-conditioned room, and it has a significant impact on cleanliness. It should be determined based on the cleanliness requirements of the manufacturing process, the principle of conservation, and the actual use of the building.

1.5 Noise and vibration reduction. The air pressure of a purification type air conditioning system is higher than that of a general air conditioner, and there is a greater possibility of vibration and noise occurring simultaneously. Therefore, efforts should be made to address the impact of noise and vibration, prevent vibration and noise from being transmitted through pipelines, and meet the specific requirements for clean room use.

1.6 Pipeline accessories. The selection of materials for the production of purification air conditioners should be based on a smooth surface that is not prone to dust accumulation and is easy to clean.

1.7 Maintenance of air conditioning. During the operation and use of clean room air conditioning, it is necessary to regularly check the temperature, humidity, positive pressure values, and dust accumulation of the three-stage efficiency filtering device. The filtering accessories should be replaced regularly, and strict purification of people and objects should be carried out.

2. Example of Clean Room Air Conditioning System Engineering Design

2.1 Project Overview

The clean room purification air conditioning system has significant positive implications for improving the medical environment and equipment, especially with the increasing demand for purification in hospital operating rooms and the introduction of various standards and regulations. In order to align with international standards and regulations, China has also begun to introduce high-tech and high specification clean room purification air conditioning systems into domestic hospitals. To lay a solid hardware foundation for the development of China's medical industry, and as an important component of people's livelihoods, improving the quality of medical care is also a key development achievement that the Chinese people urgently desire.

The surgical department of a hospital in a certain city has a total of seven clean operating rooms, including one room with a first level cleanliness requirement, two rooms with a second level cleanliness requirement, and the rest with a third level cleanliness requirement. The total construction area is 1200 square meters. In order to meet the cleanliness requirements during surgery, the project was designed with independent purification units, centralized exhaust units, small-scale heat pumps, and cold and heat sources for winter and summer. The main operating room uses static pressure box holes for air supply, lower end return air, corridor cleanliness, and return air from above the auxiliary room.

2.2 Design Method

2.2.1 Design Concept

The air conditioning engineering design of clean operating rooms is different from other industrial clean designs. The control object of operating rooms is bacterial concentration, rather than overly emphasizing the concept of cleanliness. Therefore, in the design of this air conditioning project, attention should be paid to the following aspects: controlling the concentration of suspended bacteria in key areas within the prescribed range, maintaining the positive pressure flow rate and flow direction in the operating room, controlling the concentration of toxic gases that affect the human body within the prescribed range, and controlling other indoor factors that need to meet standards in the operating room, such as temperature, humidity, noise, etc.

2.2.2 System Design

At present, there are many engineering design methods for clean room operating room purification air conditioning systems at home and abroad, and their standards and effectiveness focus are also different. After analysis and research, this engineering design uses an independent fresh air system for clean operating room air conditioning, and from the perspective of energy conservation, adds secondary return air. The independent method of this system centrally sets up the fresh air system in the operating room, separated from the air circulation system. The fresh air system does not affect the humidity of the operating room, and the clean operating room and its auxiliary areas are responsible for the temperature, humidity, and cleanliness of their respective independent units. The characteristic of this system is that it can keep the entire operating room in a controlled state from beginning to end. When a certain operating room is stopped, it will not affect the pressure gradient distribution in other operating rooms, thereby causing the directional flow between operating rooms to be disrupted.

2.2.3 Operating room independent unit, corridor and auxiliary room shared unit

In order to significantly reduce the infection rate, the important principle of designing clean air conditioning in the operating room is reflected in "isolation". According to the special cleanliness level and actual usage characteristics of the operating room, a professional independent medical purification air conditioning unit is used in the operating room, while the corridor and auxiliary room share domestic units, effectively reducing their design costs. Each operating room is essentially an independent circulation system, with air extracted from the operating room by a clean unit, and after being discharged, the lost part is replenished with fresh air. After purification, it is sent into the operating room, avoiding the cross infection rate of bacteria.

2.2.4 Centralized fresh air and exhaust units

Avoid pollution, draw clean fresh air from outside the operating room, and send it to each purification unit. At the same time, exhaust excess gas from the operating room outside. The engineering design sets up new exhaust on the return air duct to reduce costs. The pressure head of the exhaust unit must be calculated to avoid backflow. Setting the primary and intermediate filters separately at the fresh air inlet and fresh air fan can reduce the load on the main engine and high-efficiency filtration system. The exhaust system is equipped with primary or intermediate filtration devices to prevent a certain degree of pollution caused by natural circulation factors after shutdown.

2.2.5 Bilateral lower return air

To ensure the purification results in the operating room, attention should be paid to all aspects of air circulation. Although the return air outlet has a converging effect on the airflow, it does not play a dominant role in the distribution of indoor air. However, in order to effectively and quickly eliminate dust particles and microorganisms, the return air outlet is suitable to be set below the room. The principle is that the following velocity of dust particles is roughly equivalent to the airflow velocity. When the flow direction is the same as the direction of dust particle deposition, it can be smoothly discharged towards the return air outlet. During surgery, it is inevitable that dirt will often be generated. After surgery, the floor should be cleaned and washed, so it is not advisable to set up a floor return air outlet. Instead, a return air outlet should be placed on the side wall near the ground. According to relevant regulations, a bilateral lower part return air system should be used in clean operating rooms to ensure maximum airflow movement.

2.2.6 High efficiency filter

The role of filters in the purification process. The cleanliness level of the operating room is closely related to the efficiency of the filters. The requirements for filters in ordinary purification level operating rooms and special purification level operating rooms are different. The former usually requires sub high efficiency filters, while the latter requires high-efficiency filters. For clean operating rooms, air purification is the key to controlling surgical infections. Strictly controlling the bacterial count in the surgical area is the fundamental requirement for clean operating rooms.

Based on the practical application of clean room purification air conditioning engineering, it can be seen that the application fields of this engineering system are quite extensive, especially in high-tech industries such as medicine and precision instruments. Therefore, only by developing the analysis and research system of this system to a more advanced level can it meet the constantly evolving technological needs.

3. Construction quality of clean room purification air conditioning system

The construction quality of clean room purification air conditioning engineering is also an important point for its future normal use and meeting the design requirements. Designing a good construction plan is crucial as it can improve the service life of related air conditioning equipment to a certain extent, while reducing the probability of losing some of its effectiveness due to frequent maintenance.