The laboratory wastewater treatment system bears the responsibility of ensuring environmental safety and compliant discharge. Its daily operation and maintenance need to focus on water quality monitoring, equipment maintenance, and safe operation, while quickly responding to common faults to avoid pollution spread. The following are specific operation and maintenance points and troubleshooting plans:
1、 Core points of daily operation and maintenance
Dynamic monitoring of water quality
Record the pH value (6-9), suspended solids (SS ≤ 70mg/L), and heavy metal ion concentration (such as hexavalent chromium ≤ 0.05mg/L) of the inflow/outflow daily, and use a portable detector or send samples to a third-party laboratory for review. If the COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) of the effluent suddenly increases, it is necessary to check whether the dissolved oxygen (DO) in the biochemical tank is below 2mg/L and adjust the aeration rate in a timely manner.
Regular maintenance of equipment
Physical processing unit: Clean the solid waste intercepted by the grid every week, and backwash the quartz sand filter every month (clean in advance when the pressure difference is ≥ 0.05MPa).
Biochemical treatment unit: Check the SV30 (sludge settling ratio) of activated sludge every quarter. If the value is below 15%, supplement nutrient sources (such as urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate). If it is above 30%, discharge the sludge.
Disinfection unit: The ultraviolet lamp tube is replaced every six months, and the ozone generator checks the stability of the gas source pressure every month.
Safety operation standards
Operators are required to wear gas masks and acid and alkali resistant gloves, and direct contact with high concentration wastewater is strictly prohibited. Maintain ventilation during system operation to avoid the accumulation of flammable gases such as methane.
2、 Common troubleshooting and handling
Decreased processing efficiency
Phenomenon: COD/ammonia nitrogen in the effluent exceeds the standard.
Troubleshooting: Check if the aeration fan is malfunctioning and causing insufficient dissolved oxygen, or if the dosing pump is blocked and causing insufficient flocculant dosage.
Solution: Repair the fan, clean the dosing pipeline, and recalibrate the dosing amount.
pipe blockage
Phenomenon: Decreased water pump flow or abnormal system pressure.
Troubleshooting: After closing the valve, disassemble the pipeline and check if it is blocked by sediment (such as calcium sulfate) or foreign objects.
Solution: Rinse the pipeline with a high-pressure water gun or replace the corrosion-resistant pipe material (such as PVDF).
Electrical system malfunction
Phenomenon: The device cannot start or trips frequently.
Troubleshooting: Use a multimeter to check if the power supply voltage is stable, and check if the PLC control cabinet wiring is loose.
Solution: Tighten the wiring terminals, replace aging cables, and install overload protection devices.
Summary: The stable operation of laboratory wastewater treatment systems relies on "preventive maintenance+rapid response mechanism". It is recommended to establish an operation and maintenance ledger, record equipment operating parameters and maintenance history, and regularly organize operator training to improve fault prediction and treatment capabilities, ensuring that the wastewater discharge rate meets the standard of ≥ 99%.