Flame retardant epoxy boardIt is a composite material board made of epoxy resin as the substrate, which is reinforced with glass fiber cloth and hot pressed by adding flame retardants or using flame retardant resins to achieve a specific flame retardant level (such as UL94 V-0 level). The following provides a detailed explanation from four aspects: definition, core characteristics, flame retardant principle, and application scenarios:
1、 Definition
Flame retardant epoxy boardIt is a composite material board made of epoxy resin as the substrate, added with flame retardants or using flame retardant resin, and reinforced with glass fiber cloth through hot pressing molding. Its core characteristics lie in having the insulation, heat resistance, mechanical strength and other properties of ordinary epoxy boards, while also meeting specific flame retardant level requirements (such as UL94 V-0 level), which can effectively suppress flame spread during combustion.
2、 Core Features
flame retardant performance
By adding phosphorus based, nitrogen based, or inorganic flame retardants, or using flame-retardant epoxy resin, the material forms a dense carbonized layer during combustion, isolating oxygen and delaying heat transfer. For example, epoxy boards using phosphorus based flame retardants will generate a non combustible liquid film of phosphoric acid during combustion, which will further dehydrate and carbonize to form a carbon layer, significantly reducing the combustion rate.
heat resistance
It can work stably in an environment of 130 ℃ for a long time, and its short-term temperature resistance can reach 180 ℃ or even higher (such as G10 epoxy board's short-term temperature resistance of 288 ℃), meeting the requirements of high temperature working conditions.
mechanical properties
Under normal conditions, the vertical bending strength is ≥ 340MPa, the compressive strength is ≥ 350MPa, the impact strength is ≥ 33KJ/m ², and it can withstand mechanical stress without deformation.
Electrical performance
The volume resistivity is over 10 ¹⁵Ω· cm, the dielectric performance is stable, and it can maintain excellent insulation even after immersion in water, making it suitable for high-voltage electrical environments.
3、 Flame retardant principle
Flame retardant epoxy board achieves flame retardancy through the following mechanisms:
Formation of carbonization layer
During combustion, flame retardants decompose to produce non combustible gases (such as CO ₂, NH ∝) that dilute oxygen, while forming a dense carbide layer covering the surface of the material, isolating oxygen and heat transfer.
radical trapping
Phosphorus based flame retardants capture active free radicals (such as · OH, · O) in the combustion zone, interrupting the combustion chain reaction and reducing the combustion rate.
synergy
Partial flame retardant systems work synergistically through multiple mechanisms, such as phosphorus nitrogen synergistic flame retardants, which can simultaneously form carbonization layers and capture free radicals, significantly improving flame retardant efficiency.
4、 Application scenarios
Electronic and electrical field
As insulation structural components such as switches, FPC reinforcement boards, carbon film printed circuit boards, transformer insulation boards, etc., to prevent electrical fires. For example, in distribution boxes, flame-retardant epoxy boards can effectively prevent the spread of combustion caused by electric arcs.
New energy vehicles and energy storage field
Used for cell separators, top protective layers, etc. in battery packs to block thermal runaway chain reactions. Experiments have shown that battery modules using 4mm flame-retardant epoxy boards can extend the thermal runaway expansion time by 5.6 times compared to those without separators.
Rail Transit and Aerospace Field
As insulation boards and structural components for high-speed trains, airplanes, and other equipment, they meet the dual requirements of lightweight and fire resistance. For example, G10 epoxy board is widely used in aircraft interiors and electrical systems due to its flame retardant rating UL94 V-0.
Industrial equipment field
Used for motor insulation parts, grinding gears, mold fixtures, etc., to maintain stable performance in humid or high-temperature environments. For example, 3240 epoxy board is widely used for insulation of B-class motors due to its temperature resistance of 120-130 ℃ and voltage resistance of 10kV.