The automatic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyzer is an automated detection device based on the principle of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Widely used in fields such as biological research, food safety testing, and environmental monitoring, it can perform qualitative and quantitative analysis of analytes in biological samples.
Working Principle:
The light waves emitted by the light source lamp are converted into monochromatic light through a filter or monochromator, and enter the specimen to be tested in the microplate. Part of the light is absorbed by the specimen, while the other part is transmitted through the specimen and irradiated onto the photodetector. The photodetector converts the light signal into an electrical signal, which is then processed by preamplifier, logarithmic amplifier, analog-to-digital converter, etc. and sent to the microprocessor for data processing and calculation. The results are displayed on the monitor and printer.
The core of an automatic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyzer is a colorimeter, which works based on the principles of photoelectric colorimetry or spectrophotometry
Antigen antibody reaction: Enzyme labeled antibodies specifically bind to antigens in the test sample to form antigen antibody complexes.
Substrate reaction: Adding a specific substrate to react with an enzyme, producing a color change or fluorescent signal. The strength of these signals is directly proportional to the concentration of the substance being measured.
Photoelectric detection: The light waves emitted by the light source are converted into monochromatic light through a filter or monochromator, and enter the specimen to be tested in the microplate. Part of the monochromatic light is absorbed by the specimen, while the other part is transmitted through the specimen and irradiated onto the photodetector.
Signal processing: The photodetector converts optical signals into electrical signals, which are then processed and sent to a microprocessor for data processing and calculation. The results are displayed on a monitor and printer.
Instrument classification
According to the degree of automation, it can be divided into semi-automatic and fully automatic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyzers. The semi-automatic ELISA reader requires manual movement of the microplate for detection, while the fully automatic ELISA reader controls the mechanical drive mechanism through a microprocessor to achieve automatic sample injection detection.
According to the detection channel, it can be divided into single channel and multi-channel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A single channel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reader can only detect one well at a time, while a multi-channel ELISA reader is equipped with multiple beams and photodetectors, which can simultaneously detect multiple wells and achieve faster detection speed.
According to the optical system, it can be divided into grating type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and filter type ELISA. The grating type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can capture any wavelength within the wavelength range of the light source, while the filter type ELISA can only detect specific wavelengths based on the selected filter.