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Introduction to Platinum Catalysts
Date: 2025-08-14Read: 20

Platinum catalyst

The general term for catalysts made with platinum metal as the main active component

Platinum catalyst (English name platinum catalyst) is a general term for catalysts made primarily from platinum metal as the active component. Using platinum metal meshPlatinum blackOr load platinum ontoaluminaOn the carrier, it may also contain metal rhenium, etcco-catalystComponents. Mainly used forammoxidationPetroleum hydrocarbon reformingUnsaturated compoundsOxidation andhydrogenationIn gascarbon monoxidenitrogen oxidesThe process of removal, etc. It is a catalyst commonly used in chemical, petroleum, and chemical reaction processes. havecatalytic activityHigh selectivity, easy catalyst production, low usage, can optimize catalytic performance through changes and improvements in manufacturing methods, compounding with other metals or active components of co catalysts, etc. Widely applicable, capable of repeated regeneration and activation, with a long lifespan, and the metal palladium from waste catalysts can be recycled and reused. Many varieties of platinum catalysts have become products and are applied in various industries. Platinum catalysts with new structures and catalytic functions are still being continuously developed, which not only enables many difficult to achieve reaction processes to be catalyzed by platinum catalysts, but also improves and enhances the production processes of many industries such as petroleum and chemical due to the use of newly developed platinum catalysts, simplifying the process and increasing economic benefits. Therefore, platinum catalysts still have great development prospects.


Typical Platinum Catalysts and Their Applications


The most well-known platinum catalysts and their catalytic processes in petroleum and chemical processes are:
(1) Platinum reforming catalyst and platinum reforming process: inPetroleum refining industryC in oil6~C8The alkane fraction is separated, reformed, and converted into C6-C8 aromatic hydrocarbons, namely benzenetoluenexyleneThe process uses platinum catalyst as the catalyst, and the purpose of the process is to increase the production of aromatic hydrocarbons and improve the efficiency of gasolineoctane numberThe catalyst used in the reforming process is also known as a single platinum catalyst, which uses platinum as the catalystMetal activityComponents, toGamma aluminaAs a carrier, the platinum content is between 0.3% and 0.7%, and the acidic component is chlorine or chlorinefluorideThe content is 0.1~0.3%. catalystbulk density0.79-0.85g/cm, white, cylindrical particles. Active component platinum accelerates straight chain alkanesdehydrogenationandaromatizationReaction. Increasing the platinum content in the catalyst is beneficial for aromatization reactions and the catalyst's ability to resist toxicity. Another platinum reforming catalyst is platinum rhenium bismetal catalystThe reforming reaction temperature is 400-500 ℃ and the pressure is 2.5-3.0MPa. The catalyst can be used for a period of more than one year.
(2) The ammonia oxidation process uses a platinum rhodium wire mesh catalyst. Ammonia reacts with air through the platinum rhodium wire mesh catalyst at 850-900 ℃ to producenitric oxideWith water, nitric oxide is further oxidized tonitrogen dioxideWater absorption generatesnitric acid.

(3) Low carbon hydrocarbon catalyzed aromatization, C5~C6hydrocarbonisomerizationThe process uses platinum loaded materialsaluminacatalyzer. The purpose is to increase the production of aromatic hydrocarbons and improveOctane rating of gasoline.