Agilent Network AnalyzerKeysight (now Keysight product) is a high-precision electronic testing instrument used to measure circuit S-parameters (scattering parameters). The following introduces its usage guidelines from six aspects: basic operation, calibration process, measurement settings, advanced functions, data export and remote control, and common problem handling:
1、 Basic operations
Startup and initialization
Connect the power supply, turn on the rear power switch, and press the power button on the front panel to start the device.
Wait for the system initialization to complete and enter the default measurement interface.
Connect the Device Under Test (DUT)
Select appropriate RF coaxial cables (such as SMA, N-type) and testing fixtures to ensure a secure connection.
Connect the DUT to the test ports (Port 1, Port 2, etc.) to avoid looseness and reduce measurement errors.
2、 Calibration process
Calibration is a crucial step in ensuring measurement accuracy, and the following calibration methods should be selected based on testing requirements:
Full 2-Port Calibration
Applicable scenario: Dual port measurement, when the highest accuracy is required.
Operation steps:
Enter the Cal menu and select Full 2-Port Calibration.
Connect the Open, Short, Load, and Thru standard components in sequence according to the system prompts.
After completing the calibration, save the data (such as naming it "MyCal").
Response Calibration
Applicable scenarios: rapid measurement, when slightly lower precision requirements are needed.
Operation steps:
Enter the Cal menu and select Response Calibration.
Connect the open circuit and load standard components to complete calibration.
TRL calibration
Applicable scenarios: High precision testing, especially suitable for PCB and microwave circuits.
Operation steps:
Use transmission line, reflection, and line standard components.
Follow the prompts to complete the connection and save the calibration data.
3、 Measurement settings
Frequency range setting
Enter the Stimulus menu, set the Start Frequency and Stop Frequency to ensure coverage of the DUT operating frequency band.
S parameter selection
Select the S parameter to be measured from the Measure menu:
S11: Input return loss (1 port sends and 1 port receives).
S21: Transmission gain (2 ports send and 1 port receive).
S12/S22: Reverse transmission or output return loss.
display optimization
Set the vertical axis scale and reference level to make the measurement curve clear and stable.
Use the Marker function to view the numerical value of a specific frequency point.
4、 Advanced features
Time Domain Analysis
Applicable scenarios: Detecting impedance discontinuities in PCB routing and coaxial cables.
Operation steps:
Select Time Domain mode from the Transform menu.
Transform frequency domain data into time domain data through Fourier transform and analyze signal integrity.
Filter optimization
Observe the S21 curve and adjust the resonant frequency and bandwidth.
Use Q-factor measurement function to evaluate filter performance.
5、 Data export and remote control
Data export
USB storage: Save measurement data as Touchstone (. snp) or CSV files.
LAN remote control: Supports SCPI commands and can remotely control instruments through Python and MATLAB.
GPIB control
Used for integration into automated testing systems to achieve batch measurement and data processing.
VIAgilent Network AnalyzerCommon problem handling
The device cannot start
Check the power connection to ensure voltage matching.
Restart the device and press and hold the Power button for 10 seconds to reset.
The measurement curve is unstable
Reduce IF bandwidth and improve measurement stability.
Check the connecting cables to ensure good contact.
Calibration failed
Confirm that the calibration standard parts are selected correctly and the connections are not loose.
Perform full port calibration again and save the calibration data.