high-speed cameraIt is a device capable of capturing moving images at high frame rates (typically exceeding 250 frames per second, and even reaching tens of thousands to millions of frames per second). The image sensor is the core component of the device, which directly determines the frame rate, image quality, and applicable scenarios of high-speed cameras. currentlyhigh-speed cameraThe mainstream image sensors mainly include CMOS sensors and CCD sensors:

1. CMOS sensor

CMOS is currently the most commonly used sensor type for high-speed cameras, especially in high frame rate scenes where it occupies a significant position,Advantage:

High frame rate potential: CMOS sensors use row by row or column parallel reading technology, with signal transmission speed much faster than CCD, making it easy to capture thousands or even tens of thousands of frames per second.

Low power consumption: CMOS sensors come with signal amplification circuits for each pixel, eliminating the need for additional charge transfer circuits. The overall power consumption is only 1/10 to 1/5 of CCD, making it suitable for long-term high-speed photography.

High integration: Image signal processing, analog-to-digital conversion and other functions can be integrated on the same chip, simplifying the internal structure of the camera and reducing device size.

Technical characteristics:

The dynamic range has significantly improved compared to earlier stages, with some CMOS sensors now having a dynamic range of 12-16 levels, capable of capturing scene details with strong contrast between light and dark.

There is a certain "rolling shutter effect", but it can be effectively alleviated through global shutter technology to meet the requirement of distortion free shooting of high-speed moving objects.

2. CCD sensor:

Core advantages:

High purity of image quality: CCD uses a charge transfer method to read signals line by line, with low pixel interference and better noise control than early CMOS. The image color and detail expression are more delicate.

Global Shutter Natural Support: The charge transfer mechanism of CCD endows it with the characteristics of a global shutter, which prevents jelly effect when capturing high-speed moving objects and minimizes image distortion.

Technical limitations:

Low frame rate limit: The charge transfer speed is slow, and even for high-speed CCDs, the frame rate is usually difficult to exceed 1000 frames per second, which cannot meet the requirements of ultra high speed scenes.

Power consumption and large size: require complex peripheral circuit support, high power consumption and low device integration, resulting in large camera size and poor portability.