By understanding the current situation, sources, manifestations, and hazards of indoor air radioactive pollution to human health, scientific prevention and control measures are proposed. Summarize and generalize the reading and analysis of some relevant QW materials using a review. Conclusion: Government functional departments formulate and implement environmental standards for decoration materials through administrative means; Enhance the public's awareness of indoor environmental protection, use decorative materials reasonably, strengthen indoor ventilation, and cultivate scientific living habits.

Keywords: indoor pollution; Radioactive contamination; Internal radiation; Decoration materials

Abstract: study of the pollution of house air and it’s actuality, source and hurt of humanbody, put in the scientific prevention and cure countermeasure. Make use of summarize a few the interfix authority information. Conclusion through administrative of measure in government, establishment and enforce upholster material’s standard; Improveing human protected environment of consciousness at house air, make use of upholster in reason, the house air were enhanced, let’s people come into being scientific the live habit.

Keywords: Indoor pollution, radioactive pollution, inside radicalization, fitment-material

With the rapid development of the social economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, buying houses and renovating homes have become important means for people to improve their living conditions, enhance their living conditions, and improve their quality of life. However, while people pursue the WQ of their homes, it also brings indoor air pollution, known as“sick building syndrome”、“Allergies to decoration and renovation”Indoor decoration pollution has become a focus of people's attention. Recently, the National Indoor Environmental Monitoring Center conducted surveys in Beijing, Nanjing, and other places30Monitoring has been conducted on newly renovated houses for residents, and none of them have met the Indoor Air Quality Standards（GB/T18883-2002）The requirements. The survey results of the International Health Organization show that the current prevalence of diseases among people68%All related to indoor air pollution[1].

There are many types and complexities of indoor air pollution, and many of them can work together to form more serious secondary pollution that poses significant harm to human health. There are many indoor air pollutants that have attracted widespread attention in people's living environment, such as formaldehyde, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, noise, etc. However, people do not pay much attention to radioactive substances that cannot be detected by the senses. Radioactive substances are everywhere in our lives, and people have approximately80%～90%The time is spent indoors, and the air we breathe mainly comes from indoors. We have more opportunities and time to come into contact with indoor pollutants than outdoors[2]Therefore, the prevention and control of indoor air radioactive pollution is of great significance.

Indoor air radioactive pollution refers to the radioactive gas containing radioactive substances in the area and building materials---Radon（Rn）Exceeding the national standards and causing certain harmful effects on the human body.

Current situation of indoor air radioactive pollution

1.1Current situation of radioactive pollution in China

At the first academic symposium on indoor air quality and health in China, relevant departments announced that there are currently nearly200Ten thousand excess deaths may be caused by indoor air pollution, with a global impact of approximately4%Diseases are related to indoor environments. Domestic monitoring data also shows that in recent years, the number of excess deaths caused by China has reached11Ten thousand people, exceeding the number of outpatient visits2210000 person times, exceeding the number of emergency rooms430Ten thousand people.

Scholars conducted a survey on ordinary residents who have already been renovated in several staff dormitory buildings in Beijing and nearby areas. The renovation was only of a low-grade level, and residents who have not been renovated in the same building were selected as controls. Residents in the building use gas as their household fuel, and the survey subjects are mostly adults90%, occupied by people of all ages10%Right. The investigation found that the adverse reactions of residents mainly include strange smell, itchy eyes, dry eyes, dry throat, excessive nasal discharge, sneezing, chest tightness, EX and other symptoms that mainly irritate the eyes and upper respiratory tract. These are all early harmful effects of formaldehyde and radioactive radon. During the investigation, it was found that the surveyed population mainly used artificial board furniture, floor leather, paint coatings, marble, and other materials containing formaldehyde adhesives and radioactive substances. These furniture and decoration materials are the main sources of indoor formaldehyde and radioactive gas pollution[1].

1.2Current situation of radioactive pollution abroad

According to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health in the United States(NIOSH)Statistics show the emergence of indoor workers in the United StatesSB

The proportion of symptoms has been determined by1980year2%Rising to the current level35%~65%This shows the enormous harm caused by indoor environmental pollution. A survey report from the Environmental Science Research Center of Hama National University in Japan also shows that the indoor pollution level of houses after completion weeks is nearly higher than that outside40Twice. Even after taking ventilation measures, the degree of pollution may vary significantly10Twice.

2. Sources of indoor air radioactive pollution

Radon in indoor air（Rn）And its offspring have80%～90%Originating from the foundation soil, radon gas is the decay product of radioactive elements such as uranium, radium, and thorium. It is a colorless, odorless, and WY radioactive gas. Radon mainly comes from building soil, building materials, indoor air entering from outdoors, water supply, and natural gas used for heating and kitchen equipment, but indoor radon is the main source of building materials（Rn）The main sources are as follows:[3]：

2.1building materials

The materials with the highest usage, such as bricks, concrete, soil, stone, floor tiles, ceramic products, etc., all contain a certain amount of radioactive element radium, which can decay into radon gas and enter indoor environments.

2.2Rocks and soil beneath the foundation of the house

After testing, it was found that the concentration of radon in soil near the surface is higher than that in the atmosphere（Rn）The concentration is higher than10More than double. Cracks in soil and fracture structures in rocks can cause radon in rocks and soil beneath building foundations（Rn）Spread indoors.

2.3Radon entering indoors from outdoor air（Rn）

In outdoor air, radon is diluted to a very low concentration and poses almost no threat to the human body. However, once it enters the room and is poorly ventilated, it can accumulate in large quantities.

2.4Radon released from water supply, coal combustion, and natural gas（Rn）

1.Water supply, coal combustion, and natural gas all contain certain amounts of radium and radon. Radon will enter indoors with the use of water and natural gas, but the concentration is very low.

2.Radon gas is a colorless, odorless, and radioactive inert gas produced during the decay of uranium in soil and rocks. Radon mainly comes from building materials, foundation soil, rocks, and deep underground. The International Agency for Cancer has confirmed that radon and its derivatives are carcinogenic to humans. Radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer after smoking[4]There are probably10%～25%Lung cancer and leukemia are induced by radon. Due to its colorless and odorless nature, as well as its inability to touch or see, it is difficult to detect indoor environmental pollution.

3.Radon（Rn）Besides existing in cement, slag bricks, decorative stones, and soil, coal is also radon（Rn）The important source is that China is a major coal-fired country, and most of it is concentrated in urban areas. Coal contains a certain amount of radioactive element uranium. Coal from certain production areas and some geological layers have high levels of radioactive element uranium. After coal combustion, the volume of coal slag and fly ash decreases relative to coal, but uranium is enriched, greatly increasing its uranium content. These coal slag and fly ash storage areas have also become YJ radon sources.

3. Pollution mechanism

Radon（Rn）222yesaRadiant body is a colorless and odorless radioactive inert gas. Due toRnChemical properties are stable, and it is generally difficult to undergo chemical reactions with other elements. It exists in an atomic state in the air and rarely combines with airborne particles and dust. But it can be absorbed by substances such as activated carbon, silicone, polyethylene, etc. Properties of Radon Offspring and MotherRnTheir physical and chemical properties are completely different. Their offspring are solid particles with strong adhesion, which can form a radioactive thin layer on the surface of other substances or combine with particles in the air to form radioactive aerosols. Its decay system mainly includes8Offspring of nuclides, including4The half-life of the individual is greater thanRnThe half-life is short, usually short-lived offspring. in addition4Half life ratio of offspringRnLong lived offspring, also known as long-lived offspring[5]Throughout the entire decay process, bothalphaRadiation also existsBandγRadiation, so the decay series of radon isalphaTheBAnd mixedγCombined radiation.