The Yangtze River originates from the "Roof of the World" - the southwest side of the Geladandong Peak in the Tanggula Mountains of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. It is the mother river of the Chinese nation and one of the main sources of drinking water in China. But with the rapid growth of China's population and the rapid development of social industry, the water quality of the Yangtze River has been polluted to varying degrees. It is reported that there are over 500 water intake points on both sides of the Yangtze River, some of which have extended to the center of the river due to water pollution. The total annual sewage discharge in the Yangtze River Basin is over 25 billion tons, accounting for more than 40% of the country's total. In recent years, although the country has invested heavily in the pollution control of the Yangtze River, the situation of water pollution in the Yangtze River is still quite severe. Currently, 60% of the water bodies in the main stream of the Yangtze River have been polluted to varying degrees. The water quality of the Yangtze River has further deteriorated, seriously threatening the drinking water safety of people on both sides of the river. Drinking water safety is a very severe test for cities along the Yangtze River. Experts have analyzed the water body of the Yangtze River and found that the pollution sources are mainly concentrated in several aspects. Firstly, there is pollution from industrial wastewater and domestic sewage. Industrial and mining wastewater and urban domestic sewage are one of the main sources of pollution in the Yangtze River Basin. With the development of the economy and the increase in water consumption, the amount of waste and sewage discharged into rivers continues to increase. According to survey data from water resources departments, the annual discharge of waste and sewage in the Yangtze River Basin has reached 25.6 billion tons, more than double the amount of waste and sewage in the 1980s. More than 80% of these waste and sewage are directly discharged into water bodies without treatment, which is the main source of pollution in water bodies. Secondly, agricultural non-point source pollution is severe. Agricultural non-point source pollution is another major source of pollution in the Yangtze River Basin, mainly including fertilizer and pesticide pollution, livestock and poultry breeding pollution, agricultural solid waste, rural domestic sewage, and runoff pollution in mountainous areas. According to experts' estimates, the total amount of agricultural non-point source pollutants in the Yangtze River Basin is roughly equivalent to the total amount of pollutants emitted from point sources such as industry and urban life, accounting for one-third of the world's total. The surge in shipping volume has also brought about a large amount of ship pollution. The Yangtze River is a major water transportation artery that runs through the east and west of China. The shipping industry is highly developed, with over 210000 ships operating on the water year-round. These ships discharge 360 million tons of oily wastewater and domestic sewage into the Yangtze River each year, as well as 75000 tons of household waste. In addition, incidents of oil and chemical pollution caused by marine accidents also occur from time to time, posing a great threat to the water environment of the Yangtze River. The water environment quality of the Yangtze River is an important factor in the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. It is urgent to carry out water environment protection, restore the ecology of the Yangtze River, and accelerate the establishment of a comprehensive monitoring and early warning system for the Yangtze River Basin to promote the protection of the Yangtze River water body. With the development of science and technology, technologies such as online automatic water quality monitoring devices are constantly improving. The emphasis on water environment in China has driven the continuous expansion of the market demand for water quality monitoring instruments, and the water quality monitoring market in China has also shown a high-speed development trend. Last year, under the influence of policy dividends, the sub sectors of the water quality monitoring industry reached a peak in stable development. According to statistics, the market size of water quality monitoring instruments in China was around 6 billion yuan in 2018, with an annual growth rate of over 10%. According to relevant predictions, by 2020, the capacity of China's water quality monitoring market is expected to exceed 9.5 billion yuan, and the growth rate of China's water quality monitoring market capacity will be over 20% in the future. The application of various specialized water quality monitoring instruments and automated water quality monitoring instruments will be accelerated and promoted. The water quality monitoring technology has also developed from intermittent monitoring to excited continuous monitoring, and the monitoring methods have utilized various technologies such as satellite remote sensing monitoring to achieve accurate monitoring. The use of water quality monitoring instruments for water quality assessment, timely reporting of water environment quality status to local governments, and timely release of warning information are of great significance in promoting local governments to implement their responsibilities for water pollution prevention and control, and improving water environment quality. Despite the rapid development of China's water quality monitoring equipment industry, it still faces many challenges. Overall, the current development of water quality monitoring equipment is going through a tough stage from quantity expansion to high-quality development. Therefore, as the water quality monitoring industry continues to show new development trends, relevant environmental monitoring enterprises should also continuously strengthen their research and development capabilities in water quality monitoring technology and products, and continuously improve their industrial and equipment levels. Increasing investment in key areas such as after-sales service, operation and maintenance, and brand differentiation construction is necessary for the sustained growth of enterprises and to occupy more market share in the rapidly growing water quality monitoring market. Protecting the Yangtze River is everyone's responsibility "is not just a slogan, green mountains and clear waters require the joint efforts of each and every one of us. Enterprises reduce pollution emissions, actively classify personal waste, monitor the water quality of the Yangtze River in real-time, and also hope that China's water quality monitoring technology can have more new breakthroughs to safeguard the country's great rivers!