In the field of material mechanics performance testing, the Hangzhou tensile testing machine, as the core equipment, undertakes key quality control tasks. However, long-term high load operation and complex working conditions make it inevitable for equipment to experience various malfunctions. Timely and accurate diagnosis of problems and taking effective measures for repair are of great significance for ensuring the accuracy of experimental data and extending the service life of equipment. This article will systematically review the common mechanical, electrical, and control system failures of tensile testing machines, and provide corresponding troubleshooting solutions.

　　Hangzhou tensile testing machineMechanical abnormalities are usually manifested as abnormal noises or motion jamming. When the screw drive mechanism emits periodic noise, it is often due to insufficient lubrication that metal friction intensifies. At this time, the machine should be stopped to check if the lubricating oil circuit is unobstructed, with a focus on cleaning the metal debris on the surface of the guide rail, and adding low-temperature grease according to the prescribed cycle. If there is shaking during the loading of the chain, it is necessary to adjust the position of the tensioning wheel and check the wear of the chain links. If necessary, replace the entire transmission component.

Sensor signal distortion is the main reason affecting measurement accuracy. The zero drift of the load sensor can cause the problem of output values even when unloaded, and in this case, it is necessary to recalibrate the weights for calibration. The jump data generated by electromagnetic interference in the displacement encoder can be solved by grounding the shielded wire, while checking the power supply stability of the pulse generator. The failure of the emergency stop button is often caused by poor contact due to water accumulation inside the dust cover. Disassembling, cleaning the contacts, and applying conductive paste can restore its function.

The leakage of hydraulic systems not only wastes resources but also poses safety hazards. The oil leakage at the oil pipe joint can be solved by adding a combination of sealing gaskets, while the scratches on the oil cylinder piston rod need to be polished and repaired with grinding paste. Regularly observing the fluctuation of the pressure gauge pointer can effectively prevent the phenomenon of pump body suction. Timely replenishing hydraulic oil and filtering impurities are key steps in daily maintenance.

The software failures of the control system have occasional characteristics. Operating system crashes are mostly caused by excessive use of memory resources by background programs. Closing non essential service processes and restarting the controller can quickly restore them. The situation where the emergency stop protection cannot be reset after triggering is usually caused by the self-locking of the safety relay. Power off and restart combined with manual reset operation can release the locked state.

Calibration verification is a necessary step to ensure equipment compliance. When the displayed value exceeds the tolerance, mechanical zeroing should be performed, and then the linearity of each range segment should be verified sequentially. For the problem of inaccurate speed control, PID parameters can be corrected by feedback loop adjustment of the encoder.

The preventive maintenance plan should cover all vulnerable components. Establish a lubrication ledger to record the amount of oil added and the replacement cycle, and compile data on the service life of bearings to develop proactive replacement strategies. Operator training should include fault code interpretation and emergency response methods to ensure that simple problems can be solved on-site.

From mechanical transmission to electrical control, from hydraulic drive to software algorithms, the stable operation of Hangzhou tensile testing machine relies on systematic maintenance and upkeep. Behind every precise application of force is the coordination of countless technical details. When the experimenters see a smooth and continuous stress-strain curve, they are actually witnessing the effectiveness of the equipment health management system. This deep care for precision instruments is not only a responsibility for scientific research data, but also a solemn commitment to engineering quality. Through scientific fault diagnosis and preventive maintenance, we can enable these industrial "scales" to continue to play a precise measuring role, providing reliable support for the development of materials science.