1Laboratory low-temperature constant temperature reaction bathElectrical safety risk prevention and control
risk point
Damaged power cords, poor grounding, or overloaded operation may cause leakage, short circuits, or fires.
The operator did not wear insulation protective equipment and came into direct contact with live parts, resulting in electric shock.
prevention and control measures
Equipment inspection: Before use, check whether the power cord is intact, ensure that the grounding resistance is ≤ 4 Ω (tested with a megohmmeter), and avoid using damaged or aging circuits.
Operating standards: Wear insulated gloves and goggles, and do not operate equipment with wet hands; The power socket needs to be independently grounded to avoid sharing with other high-power devices.
Overload protection: Confirm the rated power of the equipment (such as the overall power of 4KW) to avoid overload operation; Install overcurrent protection device and immediately cut off power for maintenance after triggering.
emergency response
When a leakage occurs, immediately press the emergency stop button to cut off the power supply; Use insulated tools to remove the faulty circuit and contact a professional electrician for repair.
If a fire occurs, use a dry powder fire extinguisher to extinguish it, and it is strictly prohibited to use water to extinguish the fire.
2、 Risk prevention and control of low-temperature frostbite
risk point
Direct contact with low-temperature media (such as anhydrous ethanol, methanol) or exposure of bare skin to low-temperature environments can cause frostbite.
Low temperature medium leakage or overflow can contaminate the experimental table or floor, increasing the risk of slipping.
prevention and control measures
Personal protection: Wear antifreeze gloves (such as nitrile rubber gloves) and protective face shields when operating low-temperature media to avoid direct skin contact.
Media management: Select the medium according to the experimental temperature (such as using anhydrous ethanol below -5 ℃), and the liquid level should cover the evaporator but not exceed the MAX mark; Regularly replace the medium (ethanol based every 3 months, water-based every month).
Equipment sealing: Check if the inlet/outlet pipeline connections are tight, use insulated hoses and ensure that the interface is sealed to prevent leakage.
emergency response
When frostbite occurs, immediately soak the affected area in warm water (40-42 ℃) for 15-30 minutes, avoiding rubbing; Severe cases require medical treatment.
When the medium leaks, quickly cover it with absorbent cotton or sand, clean it up, and ventilate for ventilation; If it leaks into the power supply area, immediately cut off the power for handling.
3、 Chemical corrosion risk prevention and control
risk point
When using corrosive media (such as salt solution, acidic bath solution), failure to clean them in a timely manner can lead to corrosion of the equipment liner or pipeline.
The incompatibility between the medium and the equipment material (such as strong oxidizing medium in contact with S304 stainless steel) can cause pitting or perforation.
prevention and control measures
Material matching: Confirm the material of the equipment liner (such as S304 stainless steel) and avoid using strong oxidizing media (such as concentrated nitric acid); If corrosive media are required, choose equipment with an inner liner made of Hastelloy or PTFE.
Cleaning and maintenance: Immediately drain the medium after the experiment and rinse the tank with clean water; Clean the circulation pipeline with a 5% citric acid solution every quarter to remove scale and impurities.
Anti corrosion coating: Apply anti-corrosion coating to metal components (such as stirrers and sensors) to extend their service life.
emergency response
When corrosion leakage is discovered, immediately stop the experiment, drain the medium and rinse the equipment; Contact the manufacturer to replace damaged parts (such as the inner liner and pipelines).
If personnel come into contact with corrosive media, rinse with plenty of water for more than 15 minutes and seek medical treatment.
4、 Risk prevention and control of mechanical failures
risk point
Stirring blockage, impeller blockage or bearing wear of the circulating pump can cause abnormal noise or shutdown of the equipment.
Frequent start stop or refrigerant leakage of the compressor can affect refrigeration efficiency.
prevention and control measures
Regular maintenance: Check the operation status of the mixer, circulation pump, and compressor every quarter, and replace aging sealing rings (such as fluororubber O-rings); Clean the impeller and pipeline to ensure there are no impurities blocking them.
Parameter monitoring: Monitor the refrigerant pressure through a pressure gauge (refer to the equipment manual for normal range). If the pressure is abnormal (such as too high or too low), replenish or discharge the refrigerant in a timely manner.
Load control: Avoid sample containers that are too large or heavy, and prevent the agitator from getting stuck; The distance between the bottom of the sample container and the bottom of the bath should be ≤ 25mm to ensure thermal conductivity efficiency.
emergency response
When a mechanical failure occurs, immediately turn off the equipment power and check the cause of the failure (such as stuck agitator or blocked impeller); Clean up impurities and restart the device.
If the compressor shuts down abnormally, check if the high-pressure switch is triggered (such as condenser fouling causing a decrease in heat exchange efficiency), clean the condenser, and reset the switch.
5Low temperature constant temperature reaction bathEnvironmental safety risk prevention and control
risk point
Poor ventilation in the placement of equipment can lead to the accumulation of volatile gases in low-temperature media, posing a risk of poisoning or explosion (such as ethanol vapor).
Stacking debris around the equipment can affect heat dissipation or emergency operation space.
prevention and control measures
Environmental requirements: The equipment should be placed in a well ventilated and horizontally stable location, with no other equipment within 1 meter around; If flammable media (such as ethanol) are used, an explosion-proof ventilation system must be equipped.
Space management: Keep the laboratory table clean and avoid stacking reagents or debris; It is prohibited to cover protective covers or countertop covers above the equipment to prevent gas accumulation.
Warning signs: Post warning signs such as "flammable medium" and "low temperature danger" around the equipment to remind operators to pay attention to safety.
emergency response
In case of gas leakage, immediately turn off the power of the equipment, open doors and windows for ventilation; If the leakage is significant, activate the explosion-proof ventilation system and evacuate personnel.
When a fire breaks out around the equipment, use a dry powder fire extinguisher to extinguish it and call the fire alarm number; If the fire cannot be controlled, evacuate the scene immediately.