The double column servo tensile testing machine is a commonly used equipment for testing the mechanical properties of materials such as tension, compression, and bending. It controls the driving system through servo motors and conducts mechanical testing under precise measurement and control. Its structural design needs to ensure stability, accuracy, and reliability. The following are the key structural design points of the double column servo tensile testing machine:
1、 Main structural components
Testing machine framework:
Adopting a double column design, usually supported by two columns, providing a stable support foundation.
The materials are mostly high-strength steel or cast steel, which can withstand large external forces and ensure stability during the testing process.
The connection method between the column and the crossbeam can be welding or bolt connection to ensure the firmness of the structure.
Servo drive system:
Servo motor: As the driving source of the testing machine, the servo motor provides precise control and can achieve high-precision adjustment of speed, displacement, and force.
Ball screw or linear motor: The up and down movement is achieved through screw transmission, ensuring even load distribution, reducing friction, and improving transmission efficiency.
Servo control system: including controller and sensors, real-time monitoring of force, displacement, deformation and other parameters, and automatic adjustment of the working status of the driver.
Sensors and Measurement Systems:
Force sensor (load sensor): used for real-time measurement of the force applied to the specimen. High precision strain gauges or piezoelectric sensors are usually used to ensure the accuracy of test data.
Displacement sensor: used to measure the displacement of the sample, ensuring precise control during the testing process.
Expanding sensors: In some experiments, it may be necessary to add other sensors to measure parameters such as strain and temperature.
Beam and worktable:
Beam: usually made of high rigidity materials to ensure that it can withstand the pressure and tension during testing. The height of the crossbeam can be adjusted to meet different testing requirements.
Workbench: Used for fixing samples, suitable fixtures or clamping equipment can be selected according to experimental needs. The workbench is usually made of sturdy steel and equipped with an adjustment device to align the sample.
Control system:
Touch screen interface: Users can input parameters, set test conditions, and view real-time data through the touch screen. The operating interface is simple, intuitive, and easy to use.
Computer and data acquisition system: Connect the computer for data analysis and storage, able to display force, displacement and other data in real time and generate reports.
Remote control and monitoring: Some testing machines support remote control and monitoring, and users can operate them through networks or mobile devices.
Fixtures and accessories:
Stretching fixture: used to fix the stretching specimen and ensure that the sample does not slide during the stretching process.
Compression fixture: used to fix the specimen for compression testing.
Bending fixture: used for sample bending tests, the fixture can adjust the angle as needed.
Heat treatment accessories: If high temperature testing is required, the testing machine can be equipped with a heating device.
2、 Working principle
Loading method:
The servo motor generates longitudinal load through the screw drive system, driving the crossbeam to move vertically up and down, and applying force to the sample.
Force and displacement feedback control:
The control system adjusts the speed and running trajectory of the servo motor based on real-time feedback from the force sensor and displacement sensor, ensuring that the force applied to the sample meets the set requirements. By precisely controlling tension, displacement, and speed, various standard material tests can be achieved.
Data collection and analysis:
The testing machine collects and uploads real-time test data such as force, displacement, and strain to the computer for data analysis. Various parameters during the experimental process can be displayed on the screen, ensuring that operators can monitor the experimental status in real time.
3、 Performance requirements
Accuracy:
Force measurement accuracy: within ± 1%.
Displacement measurement accuracy: 0.01mm or higher.
Load capacity:
The tensile and compressive forces typically range from tens of kilograms to hundreds of tons, with specific values depending on the application field.
Control accuracy:
The servo drive system can achieve precise speed and displacement control, and has good dynamic response performance.
Durability and stability:
Structural materials need to have good corrosion resistance and wear resistance to ensure stable operation under long-term high loads.
4、 Design considerations
Structural rigidity:
The double column design can provide better seismic resistance and structural stability, especially suitable for high-precision tensile testing under high loads.
Temperature control:
For situations that require high and low temperature testing, it is necessary to consider a temperature control system in the design to ensure that the test accuracy is not affected by temperature changes.
Security:
Overload protection, limit protection and other safety functions need to be added in the design to avoid injury to operators after the sample breaks.
Maintainability:
When designing, it is necessary to ensure that the main components of the testing machine can be easily replaced and maintained, reduce downtime, and improve the service life of the equipment.
Through reasonable structural design, the dual column servo tensile testing machine can perform various mechanical performance tests under the requirements of high precision, high stability, and high safety.