Environmental Management

Temperature and humidity control: The laboratory temperature should be stable at 15-25 ℃, and the humidity should not exceed 70% to avoid high temperature and high humidity causing circuit components to become damp or detector performance to decline.

Dustproof and shockproof: Regularly clean the surface and internal dust of the instrument with a vacuum cleaner or soft bristled brush, especially for precision components such as X-ray tubes and detectors; The instrument should be placed on a shock resistant platform or a stable plane to avoid vibration affecting measurement accuracy.

Cooling system maintenance: Use distilled water or specialized coolant, regularly check whether the circulating water circuit is unobstructed, and prevent scaling and blockage; If a decrease in cooling efficiency is found, it is necessary to clean or replace the coolant in a timely manner.

Component maintenance

Sample stage and optical system: Wipe the sample stage with anhydrous ethanol after each test to avoid residual contamination of subsequent samples; Regularly inspect the optical path windows (such as slits, filters) to ensure they are free of dust or scratches.

X-ray tube maintenance:

Standby management: It is recommended to set it to standby mode (such as 40kV/10mA) after working continuously for more than 1 hour; If it is not used for a long time (more than 2 weeks), the high voltage should be turned off and the power supply disconnected; If not used for more than 3 months, it is recommended to remove the X-ray tube and store it properly.

Cleaning and aging: New or unused pipes should be aged according to the instructions (such as gradually increasing pressure) to avoid damage caused by ignition; Regularly wipe the surface of the tube with a specialized cleaning agent to prevent oil accumulation.

Detector maintenance: Avoid direct sunlight on the detector window, and use a light shield to protect the testing gap; If any abnormal signal is found, it is necessary to check whether the window is clean or contact professional personnel for calibration.

2、 Safety operation standards

Pre-operation preparation

Protective measures: Operators must wear radiation resistant lead clothing, lead gloves, and radiation dosimeters; Warning signs are set up in the experimental area, and unauthorized personnel are prohibited from entering.

Equipment inspection: Before starting up, confirm that all components of the instrument are connected properly, especially the safety interlock devices (such as door machine interlock and emergency stop button); Check if the cooling system and ventilation system are functioning properly.

Precautions during operation

Parameter setting: Strictly select the testing conditions according to the sample type, avoiding setting too high voltage/current (such as exceeding 80% of the instrument's rated value); The recommended starting angle for scanning is ≥ 3 ° to prevent the sample stage from colliding with the detector.

Safety interlock: It is strictly prohibited to shield or bypass safety devices (such as forcibly starting when the lead door is not closed); If the interlock alarm occurs, the machine should be stopped immediately to investigate the cause.

Exception handling: If you smell a burnt smell, hear abnormal sounds, or experience voltage fluctuations during the testing process, immediately press the emergency stop button and turn off the power, and contact maintenance personnel.

post-operation processing

Shutdown process: First, turn off the X-ray high voltage, and then turn off the cooling system after the voltage drops to 0; Finally, turn off the host power and computer to avoid direct power failure and hardware damage.

Data and Records: Timely backup experimental data, fill in instrument usage logs, record test parameters, abnormal situations, and maintenance content.

Waste disposal: Samples containing radioactive substances or damaged X-ray tubes must be disposed of in accordance with hazardous waste regulations and are strictly prohibited from being discarded at will.

Summary: The maintenance of X-ray diffractometers should be based on the principle of "prevention first, regular inspection", and safe operation should strictly comply with the requirements of "protection priority, standardized procedures". Through scientific maintenance and standardized use, the lifespan of instruments can be extended, personnel safety can be ensured, and reliable support can be provided for the accuracy of experimental data.