”How are the feeding and management operation rules formulated for the delivery house of Wen's pig farm?

purpose

Standardize and unify the operations of employees, further implement refined management, and improve the production performance of the delivery room.

Work objectives

1. Ensure that sows have good lactation performance;

2. The weaning survival rate of piglets is over 96%, the weaning rate of piglets is over 95%, and the compounding rate of sows weaned for 10 days is over 90%;

3. Weaning at 3.5 weeks of age ensures that the average weight of the piglets transferred to conservation is over 6.5 kg, and the average weaning age is between 23-25 days.

Empty column disinfection

After the piglets are transferred out, wet the pig manure on the pen surface with clean water and spray it with 2% caustic soda to clean it. Then spray it with 2% caustic soda to clean the empty pen. After the pen is dry, disinfect and deworm it with disinfectant water (such as disinfectant), and then fumigate it for disinfection. Units with severe skin diseases or piglet diarrhea should undergo flame disinfection before entering pigs. The column must be completed within the specified time, which is set at 1.5 days (including the day of column transfer).

Prenatal preparation work

Before entering the pig delivery room, install insulated wooden boards and lighting wires, and prepare items such as burlap and medicine for delivery. On the day after entering the delivery room, the pigs should be disinfected with their bodies. Before the sows give birth, they can be disinfected with deworming 1-2 times. When entering the delivery room, place the first and second born pigs in a well ventilated area. In summer, pick up the insulation board to increase ventilation in the delivery room.

Feeding and management of lactating sows

1. Feeding of sows: (indicate the due date in the sow feeding trough) Sows should be appropriately limited in feed before delivery, and the maximum amount of feed should not exceed 3.8KG/day/head; Free feeding of 4-4.5KG should begin 3-5 days postpartum. During the peak lactation period (14 days postpartum), the feeding amount should reach 5.5-6KG, and the feeding amount during the peak lactation period should be maintained for one week. The feeding amount throughout the lactation period should be controlled at 4.5-4.8KG per head, and for units with a large number of offspring, the maximum feeding amount should not exceed 5KG per head; Proper feeding control should be implemented three days before weaning. Sows should have a transition period of 2-3 days each time they increase their feeding amount, and should not be fed too high at once to avoid affecting their feeding intake during the peak lactation period; During lactation, sows should be able to freely feed, but avoid excessive waste caused by leftover feed (with over 90% of the feed trough empty after each feeding). Feed 3-4 times a day and clear the feed trough 1-2 times;

2. Maternal health care: Before and after childbirth, sows can increase their feed intake and prevent constipation by adding 10-20 grams of Houttuynia cordata powder, 5-10 grams of rhubarb soda powder, or 1.2% baking soda (which can also be added for lactation) to their feed;

3. During lactation, feeding should be treated differently for sows that are overweight or underweight, and sows with severe weight loss during lactation should be weaned early appropriately; For those who want to drive sows to other units to take care of their offspring, try not to drive primary or secondary pigs.

4. Before weaning in the delivery room, it is necessary to mark and distinguish between high gestational age sows and first born pigs, so that the breeding house can separate the pigs after weaning.

Health care of sows before and after childbirth

1. For some production lines with severe pus discharge, 1500PPM of Ligo can be added to the feed for prevention.

2. During delivery, intravenous infusion should be given to first born pigs and non feeding sows: * bottle: 5% glucose water+30ml lincomycin+2 streptomycin each, second bottle: 10% glucose water+VB10ml (add 3ml oxytocin when 100ml is left after suspension). Third bottle: 100ml metronidazole.

3. Intramuscular injection of postpartum individual sows: 20ml of Houttuynia cordata, 3 vials of penicillin, and 2 vials of streptomycin, once a day, for 2 consecutive days (if the sow has already received fluid during delivery, reduce the injection). In addition, intramuscular injection of 20ml of Houttuynia cordata and 4 vials of amoxicillin, once a day, for 3 consecutive days, is given to sows with pus discharge.

4. After the sow has given birth, the hindquarters and breasts should be disinfected with 0.1% potassium permanganate water and placed outsideyinApply dry powder for 3 consecutive days. For sows with mastitis, warm water should be used for hot compress and intramuscular injection of 20ml of Houttuynia cordata, 3 doses of penicillin, and 2 doses of streptomycin. For particularly severe cases, 10ml of procaine should be used for closed treatment.

Judging childbirth

1. According to the expected delivery date of the sow, if there is redness and swelling of the vulva and frequent urination, delivery will take 1-2 days;

2. The breasts are shiny, both breasts are swollen, and there is a lot of milk discharged from all breasts. Delivery occurs within 4-12 hours.

3. If amniotic fluid breaks out, delivery can be made within 2 hours, but the situation may be special for some primiparous sows.

　Note:After experiencing symptoms of childbirth, the farrowing pens and sows should be immediately disinfected with disinfectant water. Requirement: To tow one farrowing pen, one bucket (17 liter bucket) of disinfectant water should be used. To disinfect one sow, one bucket of 0.1% potassium permanganate water should be used. The disinfectant water should be prepared and used immediately, and should not be left for too long or used for the next sow or pen. When towing the farrowing pen, attention should be paid to hygiene blind spots (such as the place where the sow lies or under the feeding trough for piglets).

Production acceptance operation

1. There should be a dedicated person to supervise the production, and the departure time should not exceed half an hour each time. Day shift employees should fill out the handover record when leaving work, and try to minimize verbal handover; Night shift personnel shall fill out the 'Night Shift Personnel Duty Record Form' before leaving work, which shall be supervised and inspected by the delivery room leader.

2. Before giving birth, sows should disinfect their external genitalia, hindquarters, breasts, legs, and buttocks with 0.1% potassium permanganate water, and the farrowing pen should be thoroughly disinfected.

3. Immediately after birth, use a towel or burlap bag to wipe off the mucus in the mouth and nose of piglets, dry the pig's body, and then cut the umbilical cord 3-4 cm away from the umbilical cord root (if bleeding occurs during umbilical cord cutting, tie it up). Soak the umbilical cord head in 5% iodine solution for disinfection, and disinfect the umbilical cord. Keep it in an insulated box for 10-15 minutes to maintain a temperature of 30-35 degrees Celsius inside the box to prevent wind from entering (you can use a feed bag or burlap bag to make a small door curtain in the insulated box). Piglets should be wrapped in hemp bags on both sides of the nursery before feeding.

4. If a fake dead piglet is found, it should be rescued in a timely manner. First, the mucus or amniotic fluid in the mouth and nose should be refluxed or wiped dry. 1ml camphor needle can be injected, or artificial respiration can be performed. Patience is required for artificial respiration, or the piglet's hind legs should be grasped. The piglet should be lifted upside down and patted on the back or abdomen with hands, and the front and back feet should be bent and extended with both hands to promote breathing.

5. Postpartum check to see if the placenta or placenta has been expelled. This can be done to check if the mother pig has diarrhea or if there is an increase in postpartum body temperature (even if there is still fetal feces or water being expelled). Oxytocin can be administered or appropriate treatment can be carried out.

6. Before releasing colostrum for consumption, piglets should apply joint adhesive tape (with the tape attached to 2/3 of the piglet's joints as the standard; and tie burlap bags on both sides of the farrowing pen to prevent joint damage during feeding), and each milk should be protected from damagetouSqueeze out a few drops of milk and place the one with lower birth weight in front of the milktouPlace the larger ones at the back and let the piglets eat colostrum as soon as possible. (About 10 minutes).

Judgment and handling of difficult childbirth

（1） Difficulty in delivery: If there is amniotic fluid discharge and no piglets are produced within half an hour after intense exertion or if the interval between births exceeds one hour, it is considered difficult delivery and requires manual assistance.

（2） Difficult childbirth should be handled in the following situations:

1. If there is weak uterine contractions or long intervals between births, the following methods can be used to assist in childbirth:

A、 Squeeze the abdomen forcefully from front to back with your hands to move the direction in which the sow lies down;

B、 Supplementing fluids to sows that have been giving birth for too long or have consumed too much is helpful for delivery;

C、 Inject 2-4ml of oxytocin, pay attention to using it only when the cervix is open.

（3） If the above methods are ineffective or difficult to deliver due to factors such as fetal size, malposition, pelvic stenosis, etc., immediate artificial assistance should be provided.

1. Artificial midwifery: Normally, nails should be trimmed flat, hands and arms should be disinfected with 0.1% potassium permanganate water, and then hands and arms should be lubricated with paraffin oil. Then, with the rhythm of uterine contractions, the uterus should slowly ascend into the vagina. When the uterus expands, the piglet's lower jaw or hind leg should be slowly pulled out. After delivery, the uterus should be washed and medication should be administered. At the same time, antibiotics should be injected intramuscularly for 3 days to prevent the occurrence of uterine inflammation and vaginitis. (When assisting with childbirth, try to avoid damaging the birth canal as much as possible, especially when using midwifery tools.)

2. Sows with severe birth canal injuries should be promptly eliminated, and the cause of difficult delivery should be indicated on the sow card, so that appropriate measures can be taken to avoid it during the next delivery.

Feeding and care of piglets

1. Newborn piglets should be injected with 2ml of iron dextran within 24 hours to prevent anemia and 0.5ml of VE (diluted with 1.5ml of physiological saline and injected with 2ml) to prevent white muscle disease, enhance resistance, and perform tasks such as tooth cutting and tail amputation.

2. Teeth cutting operation: The teeth cutting forceps should be disinfected, and 2/3 of the teeth should be cut off (without cutting the root of the tooth, and the fracture should be smooth), and oral amoxicillin 0.2g/head should be taken.

3. Tail cutting operation: Use electric pliers to cut (preheating should be sufficient), leaving 1.8-2cm from the tail root, with consistent length, and neat incision. Disinfect with 2-5% iodine tincture. If bleeding is severe, use potassium permanganate powder to stop bleeding or tie with a rope (release the rope after no bleeding).

4. Foster care operation: Implement the foster care principle of "sending large piglets instead of small ones, sending early instead of late". Piglets should be fostered 36-48 hours after eating colostrum (apply iodine or alcohol to the sow's nose or body during foster care to make it difficult for the sow to distinguish between foster piglets and reduce the risk of piglets being bitten or crushed by the sow). Each sow should have no more than 12 piglets, and adjustments should be made 2-3 times a week to ensure piglet balance and sow milktouReasonable utilization of milk, choosing good milk or first born sows with weak piglets (weak piglets need to strengthen nutritional care, such as opening milk powder, etc.);

5. Castration procedure: 3-5 day old boars should be castrated, and the incision should not be too large, nor should excessive force be applied to the epididymiswanOtherwise, it is easy to causeyinCystic hernia) should be disinfected with fish fat and 5% iodine tincture after surgery, and the surgical blades should also be disinfected. When castrating piglets, the navel and damaged joints of the entire piglet should be disinfected with 2-5% iodine tincture to reduce the proportion of umbilical cord powder. Joint damaged piglets should be disinfected.

6. Feeding operation: Start feeding 5-7 day old piglets by feeding them onto insulation boards and feeding troughs. Keep the feed fresh and clean, add small feeds frequently, and replace them once a day. Powder spreading operation: Grind the piglet feed into powder, and when the sow releases milk and the piglets are feeding, add it to the sow's milktouSprinkle with powder 3-4 times a day, starting from 7 days old, for 7-10 consecutive days, which has a significant effect on increasing feed intake of piglets after weaning.

7. Piglets are weaned at an average age of 21-23 days, and then transferred to another pen at 24-26 days. VC powder is administered to relieve stress for 3 days before and after weaning. Feeding should be appropriately limited for 1-2 days after weaning. For weak and lean piglets, milk powder can be mixed in the feed to increase feed intake or water supply.

Health and immunity of piglets

（1） Piglet Health Care:

1. Piglets take orally 0.2 grams of water-soluble amoxicillin powder during tooth cutting;

2. Three days before piglet transfer, preventive medication should be administered. The daily dosage should be divided into two doses to avoid excessive feeding of piglets (1 bottle/day for three consecutive days);

3. Add one to two doses of long-acting antibacterial agents (DiMi Xian) to piglets in units with severe diarrhea, with doses of 1-2ml per piglet.

（2） The current immune program of piglets:

1. On the day of piglet birth (0), 0.5 portions of pseudo rabies nasal drops were administered to each piglet;

2. 2ml/head of 7-day-old branch primordia seedlings+1ml/head of inactivated blue ear seedlings;

3. 0.3 doses per 14 day old Blue Ear attenuated vaccine;

4. 2ml/head of 21 day old branch primordia seedlings+2ml/head of inactivated blue ear seedlings.

environmental control

（1） Environmental control mainly includes temperature, humidity, ammonia odor, dust, environmental hygiene, etc. It is better to control the humidity between 65-75%; Ammonia flavor: The human body feels uncomfortable, and even pigs feel uncomfortable. The human body feels comfortable, and even pigs feel comfortable;

（2） The operation content of environmental control:

1. Disinfect the farrowing pen, breasts, and external genitalia of sows during delivery, and pay attention to hygiene conditions, with special emphasis on hygiene during labor, one week postpartum, peak lactation period, and weaning stages;

2. Maintain good indoor and outdoor hygiene every day, push the bottom of the production line once a day, wipe the dust on the insulation board twice a week, turn on the sewer flushing device three times a week, and keep records when turning on the flushing device;

3. Indoor disinfection should be carried out twice a week (once with body disinfection and once with glacial acetic acid fumigation disinfection. In humid weather, body disinfection can be postponed). The disinfection pool and washbasin at the entrance should be replaced twice a week, and the effective concentration of disinfectant should be ensured. Dead pigs should be removed in a timely manner. Indoor garbage should be cleaned once a week, and the workbench in the workplace should be cleaned once a day.

4. In the case of insulation, do not form "convection" windows (cross ventilation), use fans and some insulation equipment reasonably, and achieve ventilation in the large environment and insulation in the small environment.

5. The sequence of methods for opening windows for ventilation: (Taking the example of blowing north wind in winter)

South facing ventilation window ->North facing ventilation window ->South facing middle window of the insulation box ->South facing middle window of the insulation box ->North facing middle window of the insulation box ->North facing middle window of the insulation box ->South facing bottom window of the insulation box ->South facing bottom window of the insulation box ->North facing bottom window of the insulation box ->North facing bottom window of the insulation box ->To do a good job in insulation and ventilation, it is necessary to adjust, feel, and walk around the fence multiple times.