Animal Fluorescence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment SystemThe therapeutic function of FIAT-L system is mainly based on photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), which achieve precise and minimally invasive disease intervention through the synergistic effect of fluorescence labeling and laser energy. The following is a detailed explanation of its core therapeutic functions and implementation methods:
1、 Photothermal therapy (PTT)
Principle:
The system can be equipped with an 808nm high-density laser to transmit laser energy to the target tissue through optical fibers. Fluorescent markers (such as near-infrared nanomaterials) absorb laser light and convert it into thermal energy, raising the local temperature to 40-60 ℃, directly killing tumor cells or pathogens, while avoiding damage to surrounding normal tissues.
Technical Specifications:
Laser wavelength: 808nm (penetration depth of several centimeters, suitable for deep tissue treatment).
Energy density: up to 200 mW/cm ² (precise focusing achieved through 5mm diameter high-power fiber).
Temperature control: Real time monitoring of the temperature in the treatment area to prevent overheating damage.
Application Scenario:
Tumor ablation: Local hyperthermia is performed on subcutaneous or visceral tumors in animals such as mice and rabbits to induce cell apoptosis.
Inflammation suppression: Relieve chronic inflammation such as arthritis and tenosynovitis through thermal effects.
Wound disinfection: Using high temperature to kill bacteria and promote the healing of infected wounds.
2、 Photodynamic therapy (PDT)
Principle:
The system targets the accumulation of fluorescent markers (such as photosensitizers) in diseased tissues. Under specific wavelength laser excitation, photosensitizers produce reactive oxygen species such as singlet oxygen, which directly damage cell membranes, DNA, or proteins, leading to cell death.
Technical advantages:
High selectivity: The photosensitizer is only enriched in the diseased tissue, and the laser only activates the target area, reducing systemic toxicity.
Dual effect: The synergy of photothermal effect and photodynamic effect enhances the therapeutic effect.
Minimally invasive: No need for surgery, laser is introduced through fiber optics, suitable for deep or sensitive area treatment.
Application Scenario:
Skin diseases: Treat psoriasis, eczema, etc. by inhibiting abnormal cell proliferation through photodynamic effects.
Tumor treatment: combined with PTT, it can treat superficial tumors (such as breast cancer and melanoma).
Vascular disease: Blocking abnormal blood vessels (such as tumor blood supply vessels) and obstructing nutrient supply.
3、 Collaboration between therapeutic and imaging functions
Real time navigation:
The system supports the overlay of fluorescence and white light images, allowing doctors to observe the location, range, and treatment response of lesions in real-time during the treatment process, and dynamically adjust laser parameters such as power and irradiation time.
Multimodal verification:
Before treatment: Confirm the distribution of markers through fluorescence imaging to ensure treatment targeting.
During treatment: Combining thermal imaging or ultrasound imaging to monitor temperature changes and tissue reactions.
After treatment: immediately evaluate the treatment effect (such as tumor volume reduction and fluorescence signal attenuation).
Typical case:
Tumor treatment: in the mouse breast cancer model, the system guided 808nm laser to conduct PTT/PDT combined treatment by fluorescence labeling tumor cells, and the tumor volume reduced by 80% within 14 days without any signs of recurrence.
Vascular embolism: Targeting blood clots with fluorescently labeled nanoparticles, activating the particles with laser to generate thermal effects, melting the thrombus, and restoring blood flow.
4、 Technological scalability and clinical potential
Material compatibility:
The system supports upgrading to NIR-II imaging, combined with new nanomaterials such as quantum dots and rare earth doped nanoparticles, to achieve deeper tissue penetration (up to 10cm or more) and higher resolution therapy.
Personalized treatment:
By adjusting the types of fluorescent markers (such as antibody conjugation, pH responsive) and laser parameters, customized treatment plans can be developed for different diseases (such as tumor types and inflammatory stages).
Clinical translation prospects:
Small animal research: has been widely applied in fields such as oncology, cardiovascular, and neuroscience, providing a platform for drug development and therapy validation.
Human application: The system design conforms to ergonomics and can be extended to clinical treatment of superficial tissues (such as skin and breast) in the future, or combined with endoscopy to achieve minimally invasive treatment of deep organs.