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CREAFORM Science Popularization Platform | How to optimize the detection of production defects
Date: 2024-04-02Read: 2
The road to manufacturing ideal components is long and arduous. Even if molds, dies, or fixtures are designed according to CAD models, production defects may occur at any stage of the production process. Some phenomena can interfere with the tooling, causing problems and defects in the components. This will result in the produced components not meeting the technical requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust and iterate to ensure that the molds and fixtures are consistent with their nominal models while also producing parts that meet inspection standards and customer requirements. This is where quality control (QC) comes in handy, but quality control must also minimize testing time and production costs associated with waste.

This article aims to elaborate on the various production challenges that lead to product defects, and highlight how 3D scanning technology equipment can empower the detection of more features and components, as well as how quality control managers can shorten detection time and reduce production costs related to waste. Of course, all of this is for improvementDetecting production defects and producing components that meet specifications and have better quality within tolerance range.




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Common causes of product defects














The actual situation of industrial environment is different from the theory in CAD models. During the production of components, many unforeseeable phenomena may occur. Due to the complexity of metal melting,From mold to componentThe production process of finished products is not a linear and repeatable process. The rebound during stamping molds, shrinkage during the production of molds made of composite materials, or the heat generated when welding two components together are all unpredictable phenomena that may affect the accuracy of molds. These phenomena are difficult to control, so the final result cannot be predicted until the components are obtained.


Firstly, the mold is constructed based on a theoretical model, which is developed to produce components that meet technical requirements. However, in actual industrial production, the above phenomenon can interfere with cast or stamped components. This has resulted in components that do not meet technical requirements and must be adjusted, corrected, and changed in order to pass quality control inspections.


Defect Classification

We can categorize defects into four main types:

  1. Production defects (parts not meeting requirements)

  2. Assembly defect (incorrect assembly of components)

  3. Defects related to raw materials (e.g. incorrect steel type causing some rebound, poor surface roughness, etc.)

  4. Defects caused by normal wear and tear of components or parts (such as mold cracking)

There are several causes for each type of defect. Human error is undoubtedly the most common.

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The ideal method for detecting product defects














When unpredictable phenomena change the finished components, the iterative process of quality control begins. bettermethodIt is to process the components before adjusting the mold. More precisely, this method involves producing a component, using quality control equipment, andDetection softwareMeasure it and analyze the deviation between the component and the CAD model. Therefore, if we notice a lack (or excess) of a few centimeters in a certain area, we can make adjustments in the molddiePolish or add materials to the corresponding surface on the fixture. Therefore, the iteration of the mold is carried out after measuring the finished components.


Once this operation is completed, we will restart the production process, produce a new component, and then measure the component again to verify if there are any deviations. This iterative process will continue until the desired component is obtained (i.e., when the produced component is consistent with its CAD model).

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The ideal solution for producing parts with fewer defects














This repetitive quality control process requires fast measuring equipment to provide complete dimensional information in a timely manner and produce the next component without delay. The measuring tool must also be portable for direct measurement of workpieces in the workshop. In this way, the workpiece does not need to be sent againcoordinate measuring machineBy using CMM, valuable time is saved and more inspections can be conducted. Measuring instruments should also be easy to use, with their digital "qualified/unqualified" function allowing operators to quickly evaluate dimensional measurement results and easily identify workpieces that do not meet tolerance requirements. Finally, it should be able to measure various types of dimensions, finishes, and geometric shapes without the need for surface preparation work.


3D scanning technologyThe product is fast, portable, and versatile, meeting these requirements and enabling production and quality teams to inspect components and detect defects, especially Class I and Class II defects. In fact, 3D scanners help reduce the impact of human factors in the manufacturing process by reducing visual inspection or the use of manual tools. They can also measure the wear of components and help understand when to replace fixtures or molds.

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Advantages of 3D scanning: improving workpiece quality by optimizing detection time















More efficient detection

When quality control personnel discover production defects (i.e. parts that do not meet technical requirements), the company will launch an investigation and fall into a high-pressure and anxious situation. But with the 3D scanning technology product, the quality team can now quickly obtain a large amount of data and conduct investigations directly in the workshop to identify the root cause and avoid further delays.


Detect more components and features

Due to the faster speed and more data obtained by 3D scanning technology products compared to coordinate measuring machines, they can measure more workpieces or detect more features, and provide more detailed information. In this way, managers can make better decisions and optimize production processes. In addition, by directly measuring workpieces in the production workshop without sending them to the metrology laboratory, the quality team saves time and can test more workpieces.


Optimizing the iterative process through reverse engineering

Once certified molds produce finished products that meet technical requirements, the molds, dies, or fixtures can be scanned for processingreverse engineeringTherefore, if the mold wears out and needs to be replaced with a new one, we will not use the nominal model in the next production process. Instead, we can directly use digital models to manufacture components that meet inspection standards. This optimizes the initial iteration process for future production.

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It is inevitable that there will be product defects














Unpredictable phenomena may occur at any time during the production process. Due to the possibility of unexpected rebound or shrinkage caused by these phenomena, it is necessary to make adjustments to ensure that the mold not only matches the nominal model, but also produces high-quality components that meet customer needs. Therefore, the quality team must have the correct measuring equipment to quickly detect and correct defects.

3D scanning provides convenience for these required iterations. Due to its speed, portability, and versatility, it is an effective alternative to coordinate measuring machines, allowing them to handle critical and final detection tasks. In addition, 3D scanning can also perform reverse engineering on molds that can produce high-quality components, conduct more quality inspections, and quickly correct unexpected problems that may occur at any time.

In short, 3D scanning equipment provides the manufacturing industry with more critical information, enabling quality inspectors to measure more components and features faster. 3D scanners can not only take over the detection tasks of coordinate measuring machines, but also ensure the maximum reduction of detection time and production costs, thereby improving component quality.