Abstract: In recent years, with the rapid development of various aspects in China, the country's economic strength has been greatly improved, but at the same time, some problems have emerged. Due to the rapid development of major enterprises, many water resources have been severely polluted and damaged. Therefore, the country is paying more and more attention to the problem of water pollution, and large polluting enterprises such as power plants are also restricted. The main method to reduce pollution is to use reverse osmosis technology to treat and reuse water resources, in order to slow down the problem of water pollution.

1 Introduction

Reverse osmosis technology is a technology that can effectively reduce harmful substances in industrial wastewater, and it has its own characteristics. Reverse osmosis technology can purify sewage and achieve multiple utilization of water resources, which not only saves water resources but also reduces production costs for enterprises, thereby providing good economic benefits for their development. Reverse osmosis technology belongs to a type of membrane separation technology, and tests have shown that this technology can achieve good results in power plant wastewater treatment. Due to severe water pollution and scarce water resources in recent years, the emergence of reverse osmosis technology has effectively alleviated this situation. The benefits brought by reverse osmosis technology are not limited to reducing power plant costs, but also have significant implications for the entire society and even the ecology.

Basic principles of reverse osmosis technology

Reverse osmosis technology is an advanced separation technology, and its essence is membrane separation technology. In general filtration, vertical filtration is mostly used, which can only filter out visible floating objects and insoluble impurities. However, reverse osmosis and technology separate molecules of different particle sizes and dilute sewage into reusable water resources through reverse osmosis membranes. In order to prevent the accumulation of impurities on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane, suspended solids in the sewage will be carried away by the sewage on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane during the filtration process, which also eliminates the step of cleaning the reverse osmosis membrane. Reverse osmosis technology is a technology with inherent environmental characteristics, and it belongs to a technology with high desalination rate and wide applicability in the same technical field. Therefore, reverse osmosis technology is widely used in power plant wastewater treatment. In addition, in recent years, there has been a high demand for sewage treatment technology, and the corresponding reverse osmosis treatment technology has the characteristics of simple operation and easy implementation of technological automation. Therefore, more and more power plants are starting to use reverse osmosis technology for sewage treatment. This can not only reduce labor cost savings, but also better promote the development of power plants.

Application of Reverse Osmosis Technology in Power Plant Water Treatment

3.1 Recycling and utilization of circulating cooling wastewater

Circulating cooling in the power industry is a process that consumes water throughout the entire power plant. If the wastewater wasted in this process can be recycled and reused, water conservation can be achieved. Strict control standards have been established by relevant departments in China for the power industry. Due to the high demand for water resources in power plants, a significant amount of wastewater is discharged, which has also attracted the attention of China's environmental protection department. As environmental pollution becomes increasingly severe and water resources become scarce, the relevant standards set by the country have also been raised. In order for the power plant industry to meet these standards, it must continuously increase the necessary costs in these areas, which also increases the load on power plants. Even some unscrupulous power plants discharge untreated wastewater into rivers or fields, which not only wastes water resources but also poses a threat to land resources and human survival and development. The application of reverse osmosis technology has greatly changed this situation. Power plants use reverse osmosis technology to treat the water in the circulating cooling system, making it reusable. This not only meets environmental standards but also saves water resources. Even though the cost of reverse osmosis technology is relatively high, it is still more beneficial for the development of power plants compared to before.

3.2 Comprehensive wastewater treatment in power plants

Reverse osmosis technology is mainly applied in the comprehensive wastewater treatment of power plants. The wastewater recovery in the comprehensive wastewater treatment of power plants is to recycle and reuse some less polluted water resources after simple treatment, which does not require the use of reverse osmosis technology. The wastewater treatment part applied by reverse osmosis technology is mostly heavily polluted wastewater, mostly power plant water that is converted into severely polluted acidic or alkaline water or condensed water after utilization. This type of water is not prone to water pollution. If not treated in a timely manner, it will evaporate and cause air pollution. Reverse osmosis technology is mainly applied to heavily polluted wastewater, and workers use reverse osmosis equipment to neutralize the high acidity and alkalinity in the water. These water treated with reverse osmosis can be reused. After treatment, wastewater not only does not cause air pollution or land pollution, but also saves water resources, which is an important reason why reverse osmosis technology is widely used.

3.3 Maintenance of Filters

In order to reduce the contamination of membrane components in reverse osmosis equipment, a filter can be installed at the front end of the reverse osmosis equipment, so that the filter can maintain the reverse osmosis equipment and reduce damage to it. In terms of filter selection, we mostly choose filter cartridges with fewer cleaning cycles. After installing the filter, it can better ensure the application of reverse osmosis equipment and greatly reduce the maintenance and cleaning costs of the equipment.

3.4 Treatment of fouling of reverse osmosis membranes

The reverse osmosis membranes used in most power plant reverse osmosis equipment are polyamide composite membranes. This type of membrane has both advantages and disadvantages. Its advantages lie in its large water flow capacity, strong desalination effect, and strong bacterial resistance. But the disadvantage is that its antioxidant capacity is poor. Therefore, when power plants use reverse osmosis membranes made of this material, it is necessary to control the chlorine content in the wastewater. The inlet water standard is: water temperature of 20 to 30 degrees Celsius, water pressure greater than 1.05MPa, SDI less than 3, chlorine content of 0, and pH value between 4-11. If the chlorine content in the water is high, the staff can add appropriate sodium sulfite to the sewage, which can react most of the chlorine in the water. For reverse osmosis membrane workers, regular formaldehyde disinfection should be carried out to ensure the good operation of reverse osmosis equipment. On the side with higher water concentration, substances will continuously react, producing some crystals commonly known as scale. These substances can damage the reverse osmosis membrane and affect the normal operation of the reverse osmosis equipment. Therefore, before using the equipment, it is necessary to lower the pH value appropriately to remove the formed scale and prevent the formation of new scale.

4 Conclusion

In summary, reverse osmosis technology not only promotes the development of the power industry, but also provides great assistance in solving social problems related to water resource utilization. The application of reverse osmosis technology is a relatively simple sewage treatment method that does not require specific operating conditions and can achieve high automation. This is also the reason why the application of reverse osmosis technology has been popularized.